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Tech — Research Wiki","l":1,"t":"A [zetl](https://codeberg.org/anuna/zetl) vault that collects research into **anti-violence and women's safety technology** and structures it into a navigable wiki — so that every participant in the project shares a **common understanding** rather than a pile of disconnected docs and bookmarks. Scope: personal-safety apps, domestic- and intimate-partner-violence support tools, bystander-intervention platforms, evidence-documentation tools, safety wearables — and the threats they respond to (stalkerware, coercive control, location tracking). Each note is a plain Markdown file connected to others by `[[wikilinks]]`, forming a queryable knowledge graph. Start with **[[concept-map]]** for the guided tour, or browse **[[index]]** (the Map of Content)."},{"h":"Toolchain directive","l":9,"t":"This project is built with three CLI tools. **Use them — they each own one stage of the loop; don't reinvent their jobs.** | Tool        | Role                                              | Job in this project | |-------------|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------| | `ar-crawl`  | Agent-first web crawler (clean JSON/CSV/SQLite)   | **Gather.** Crawl app-store listings, vendor sites, NGO/government reports, news, and academic sources into structured data for an agent to read. | | `zetl`      | Bidirectional `[[wikilink]]` graph CLI            | **Structure.** Turn findings into wikilinked Markdown notes. *This vault is a zetl graph.* Query, validate, and build the site with zetl. | | `hence`     | Multi-agent plan coordination via defeasible logic | **Coordinate.** Plan and track research/curation work across agents; record decisions and let stronger evidence defeat weaker conclusions. |"},{"h":"The loop","l":19,"t":"1. **Gather — `ar-crawl`.** Point the crawler at a source (an app's store page, a vendor site, a `tech-abuse` report) and capture clean structured output: The crawler does retrieval only — *AI is in your agent, not in the tool.* An agent reads the JSON and writes the note. 2. **Structure — `zetl`.** Write or update a Markdown note under `apps/`, `concepts/`, or `research/`, cross-linking with `[[wikilinks]]`. Then validate and preview: 3. **Coordinate — `hence`.** Capture the plan (which sources to crawl, which notes to write/review) as a hence plan so multiple agents can work without colliding and conclusions stay revisable:"},{"h":"Conventions","l":48,"t":"- **One Markdown file per entity.** An app, a concept, or a research source each gets its own slugified file (`bSafe` → `apps/bsafe.md`). - **Wikilinks are the connective tissue.** Link liberally. A `[[Coercive Control]]` link that has no page yet is a **wanted page**, not an error — it marks something to backfill later (expected zetl pattern). - **Type your edges with named predicates.** In a note's relationship lists, record *how* two pages connect, not just *that* they do, using zetl's [named-edge syntax](https://codeberg.org/anuna/zetl) — a lowercase `snake_case` predicate before the link: Predicates are only recognised at the **start of a list item** (the canonical `- predicate::[[Target]]` form) — links inside prose stay untyped, which is fine. Query them with `zetl edges --predicate <p>`; lint vocabulary drift with `zetl check`. - **Concept hubs** (`[[Panic Button]]`, `[[Trauma-Informed Design]]`, `[[Stalkerware]]`) act as junctions. App notes assert app→concept edges; concept pages stay focused on concept→concept edges and let **backlinks** surface their members. - **[[index]]** is the Map of Content; **[[concept-map]]** is the prose tour."},{"h":"Predicate vocabulary","l":62,"t":"The vocabulary is **emergent** — just type the edge, and converge on this set (reach for the most specific one; `related_to` is the catch-all): | Predicate | From → To | Meaning | |-----------|-----------|---------| | `instance_of::` | app → category | belongs to a category/type | | `implements::` | app → feature | provides this capability | | `addresses::` | app/concept → violence | targets this form of harm | | `protects_against::` | app/feature → threat | defends the user against it | | `risks::` | app/feature → abuse | can be misused into / carries this risk | | `inverts_to::` | feature → abuse | benign capability and its abuse twin | | `informed_by::` | design → principle | built on this design principle | | `subtype_of::` | concept → concept | narrower kind of a broader concept | | `part_of::` · `paired_with::` | concept → concept | composition / common combination | | `enables::` · `used_in::` | threat → harm | a threat facilitates / appears in | | `documents::` · `documented_in::` | research ↔ subject | evidence link | | `related_to::` | any | catch-all (prefer something more specific) |"},{"h":"App note structure (`apps/`)","l":81,"t":"Concept notes (`concepts/`) and research notes (`research/`) follow the same spirit: a definition/summary, then **In this vault** / **Connections** wikilink sections. See existing notes for the pattern."},{"h":"Layout","l":114,"t":"- `apps/` — one note per app / product / device - `orgs/` — organisations and initiatives (e.g. Insight Exchange, the Apps Against Abuse Challenge) - `resources/` — practice resources, kits, frameworks (e.g. My Safety Kit) - `concepts/` — concept hubs and definitions - `research/` — papers, NGO/government reports, studies, news analyses - `index.md` — Map of Content - `concept-map.md` — the conceptual tour - `scratch/` — raw `ar-crawl` output (gitignored; not part of the graph)"},{"h":"Commands","l":125,"t":""},{"h":"Install the tools","l":136,"t":""}],"tf":{"1":1,"2":1,"3":1,"a":23,"abuse":4,"academic":1,"across":1,"act":1,"against":2,"agent":5,"agents":2,"ai":1,"all":2,"an":5,"analyses":1,"and":19,"anti":2,"anuna":2,"any":1,"app":12,"appears":1,"apps":2,"are":2,"as":2,"assert":1,"at":2,"backfill":1,"backlinks":1,"be":1,"before":1,"belongs":1,"benign":1,"bidirectional":1,"bookmarks":1,"broader":1,"browse":1,"build":1,"built":2,"by":1,"bystander":1,"can":2,"canonical":1,"capability":2,"capture":2,"carries":1,"catch":2,"category":2,"challenge":1,"clean":2,"cli":2,"codeberg":2,"coercive":1,"collects":1,"colliding":1,"combination":1,"commands":1,"common":2,"composition":1,"concept":16,"conceptual":1,"conclusions":2,"connect":1,"connected":1,"connections":1,"connective":1,"content":3,"control":1,"conventions":1,"converge":1,"coordinate":2,"coordination":1,"crawl":2,"crawler":3,"cross":1,"csv":1,"curation":1,"data":1,"decisions":1,"defeasible":1,"defeat":1,"defends":1,"definition":1,"definitions":1,"design":2,"device":1,"directive":1,"disconnected":1,"do":1,"docs":1,"documentation":1,"does":1,"domestic":1,"don":1,"drift":1,"e":2,"each":3,"edge":2,"edges":3,"emergent":1,"entity":1,"error":1,"every":1,"evidence":3,"exchange":1,"existing":1,"expected":1,"facilitates":1,"feature":4,"file":3,"findings":1,"fine":1,"first":1,"focused":1,"follow":1,"for":4,"form":2,"forming":1,"frameworks":1,"from":1,"g":2,"gather":2,"gets":1,"gitignored":1,"government":2,"graph":4,"guided":1,"harm":2,"has":1,"hence":1,"how":1,"https":2,"hubs":2,"in":7,"index":2,"initiatives":1,"inside":1,"insight":1,"install":1,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"into":5,"is":10,"it":3,"item":1,"its":2,"job":1,"jobs":1,"json":2,"junctions":1,"just":2,"kind":1,"kit":1,"kits":1,"knowledge":1,"later":1,"layout":1,"let":2,"liberally":1,"link":4,"linking":1,"links":1,"lint":1,"list":1,"listings":1,"lists":1,"location":1,"logic":1,"loop":2,"lowercase":1,"map":5,"markdown":4,"marks":1,"meaning":1,"members":1,"misused":1,"more":1,"most":1,"multi":1,"multiple":1,"my":1,"named":2,"narrower":1,"navigable":1,"news":2,"ngo":2,"no":1,"not":4,"note":6,"notes":6,"of":9,"on":3,"one":4,"only":2,"or":4,"org":2,"organisations":1,"others":1,"output":2,"own":2,"page":3,"pages":2,"papers":1,"part":1,"participant":1,"partner":1,"pattern":2,"per":2,"personal":1,"pile":1,"plain":1,"plan":4,"platforms":1,"point":1,"practice":1,"predicate":3,"predicates":2,"prefer":1,"preview":1,"principle":2,"product":1,"project":3,"prose":2,"provides":1,"query":2,"queryable":1,"rather":1,"raw":1,"reach":1,"read":1,"reads":1,"recognised":1,"record":2,"reinvent":1,"relationship":1,"report":1,"reports":2,"research":6,"resources":1,"respond":1,"retrieval":1,"review":1,"revisable":1,"risk":1,"role":1,"s":4,"safety":4,"same":1,"scope":1,"sections":1,"see":1,"set":1,"shares":1,"site":2,"sites":1,"slugified":1,"so":2,"something":2,"source":2,"sources":2,"specific":2,"spirit":1,"sqlite":1,"stage":1,"stalkerware":1,"start":2,"stay":3,"store":2,"stronger":1,"structure":3,"structured":2,"structures":1,"studies":1,"subject":1,"summary":1,"support":1,"surface":1,"syntax":1,"t":1,"targets":1,"tech":1,"technology":1,"than":1,"that":4,"the":30,"their":2,"them":2,"then":2,"they":3,"this":9,"threat":3,"threats":1,"three":1,"tissue":1,"to":8,"tool":2,"toolchain":1,"tools":4,"tour":3,"track":1,"tracking":1,"turn":1,"twin":1,"two":1,"type":3,"under":1,"understanding":1,"untyped":1,"update":1,"use":1,"user":1,"using":1,"validate":2,"vault":3,"vendor":2,"via":1,"violence":4,"vocabulary":3,"wanted":1,"weaker":1,"wearables":1,"web":1,"which":3,"wiki":2,"wikilink":1,"wikilinked":1,"wikilinks":1,"with":7,"without":1,"women":1,"work":2,"write":2,"writes":1,"yet":1,"your":2,"zetl":7}},{"dl":349,"n":"bsafe","s":"apps/bsafe","secs":[{"h":"bSafe","l":1,"t":"**Bipper AS** (Norwegian developer; founder Silje Vallestad) · iOS / Android · Freemium · Active (©2011–)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"bSafe (\"Never Walk Alone\") is a personal-safety app from the Norwegian company **Bipper**, founded by entrepreneur Silje Vallestad and launched in 2011. It is built around a self-chosen network of trusted contacts called **\"Guardians.\"** When a user triggers the **SOS** alarm — by button, or hands-free by **voice activation** — the phone sounds a loud siren, begins recording **audio and video**, and alerts the user's Guardians with a live, real-time stream and the user's location, so Guardians can see and hear what is happening as it unfolds and track the user on a map. Alongside the SOS alarm, bSafe offers **Follow Me**, which lets a user ask Guardians to watch their journey live by GPS until they arrive, with an automatic \"made it safely\" notification on arrival. A **fake call** feature stages a fake incoming call so a user can excuse themselves from an uncomfortable situation, and a timer can auto-trigger an alert if the user does not check in. bSafe markets itself across 100+ countries as a tool for situations from solo travel and night-time commutes to interpersonal threats."},{"h":"Safety features","l":11,"t":"- implements::[[Panic Button]] - SOS alarm with siren, audio/video recording, and live streaming to Guardians. - implements::[[Trusted Network]] - Self-selected \"Guardians\" who receive alerts, the live stream, and location. - implements::[[Location Sharing]] - Real-time location to Guardians during SOS and during Follow Me journeys. - implements::[[Discreet Access]] - Fake-call feature and voice activation for hands-free, low-visibility triggering."},{"h":"Privacy & risks","l":22,"t":"- risks::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - Continuous location/live-stream features could be misused to monitor a person if their network is not genuinely trusted. - risks::[[Privacy and Safety]] - Audio/video capture and streaming raise data-handling and consent considerations."},{"h":"Connections","l":29,"t":"- instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - related_to::[[Noonlight]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":34,"t":"- <https://bsafe.bipper.com/> - <https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bsafe-never-walk-alone/id459709106> - <https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bipper.app.bsafe&hl=en_US> **Tags:** #app #panic-button #trusted-network #location-sharing"}],"tf":{"100":1,"2011":2,"a":13,"abuse":1,"access":1,"across":1,"activation":2,"active":1,"alarm":3,"alert":1,"alerts":2,"alone":2,"alongside":1,"an":3,"and":15,"android":1,"app":4,"apple":1,"apps":3,"around":1,"arrival":1,"arrive":1,"as":3,"ask":1,"audio":3,"auto":1,"automatic":1,"be":1,"begins":1,"bipper":4,"bsafe":7,"built":1,"button":3,"by":4,"call":3,"called":1,"can":3,"capture":1,"check":1,"chosen":1,"com":4,"commutes":1,"company":1,"connections":1,"consent":1,"considerations":1,"contacts":1,"continuous":1,"could":1,"countries":1,"data":1,"details":1,"developer":1,"discreet":1,"does":1,"during":2,"en":1,"entrepreneur":1,"excuse":1,"fake":3,"feature":2,"features":2,"follow":2,"for":2,"founded":1,"founder":1,"free":2,"freemium":1,"from":3,"genuinely":1,"google":1,"gps":1,"guardians":7,"handling":1,"hands":2,"happening":1,"hear":1,"hl":1,"https":3,"id":1,"id459709106":1,"if":2,"implements":4,"in":2,"incoming":1,"instance":1,"interpersonal":1,"ios":1,"is":4,"it":3,"itself":1,"journey":1,"journeys":1,"launched":1,"lets":1,"live":5,"location":7,"loud":1,"low":1,"made":1,"map":1,"markets":1,"me":2,"misused":1,"monitor":1,"network":4,"never":2,"night":1,"noonlight":1,"norwegian":2,"not":2,"notification":1,"of":2,"offers":1,"on":2,"or":1,"panic":2,"person":1,"personal":2,"phone":1,"play":1,"privacy":2,"raise":1,"real":2,"receive":1,"recording":2,"related":1,"risks":3,"s":2,"safely":1,"safety":4,"see":1,"selected":1,"self":2,"sharing":2,"silje":2,"siren":2,"situation":1,"situations":1,"so":2,"solo":1,"sos":4,"sounds":1,"sources":1,"stages":1,"store":1,"stream":3,"streaming":2,"summary":1,"tags":1,"the":9,"their":2,"themselves":1,"they":1,"threats":1,"time":3,"timer":1,"to":6,"tool":1,"track":1,"tracking":1,"travel":1,"trigger":1,"triggering":1,"triggers":1,"trusted":4,"uncomfortable":1,"unfolds":1,"until":1,"us":2,"user":7,"vallestad":2,"video":3,"visibility":1,"voice":2,"walk":2,"watch":1,"what":1,"when":1,"which":1,"who":1,"with":3}},{"dl":304,"n":"circle-of-6","s":"apps/circle-of-6","secs":[{"h":"Circle of 6","l":1,"t":"**Tech 4 Good** (Nancy Schwartzman, Christine Corbett Moran, Thomas Cabus) · iOS (Feb 2012) / Android (Sept 2012) · Free · Active (founding lead developer departed 2015)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"Circle of 6 is a bystander-style personal-safety app for preventing dating violence and sexual assault, built on the premise that the fastest help is often a trusted friend. A user picks **six** people for their \"circle\"; from then on, two taps sends those contacts a pre-set message together with the user's GPS location — for example \"come and get me,\" \"call and interrupt me,\" or a request for advice. The app also links directly to reputable domestic-violence and national hotlines, and originally invited contacts to take a Facebook pledge to help stop violence before it happens. It was co-created by filmmaker and activist Nancy Schwartzman with developer Christine Corbett Moran (lead developer / CTO until 2015) and Thomas Cabus, under the umbrella \"Tech 4 Good.\" A university edition, **Circle of 6 U**, customised the trusted-resource links per campus; the team ran a two-year pilot with colleges including Williams. The app reported over 15,000 downloads within its first months and wide press coverage."},{"h":"Recognition","l":11,"t":"- won::[[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]] - Co-winner with [[On Watch]] of the White House / HHS challenge, announced November 2011."},{"h":"Safety features","l":16,"t":"- implements::[[Trusted Network]] - Exactly six pre-chosen contacts — small, intimate, low-friction. - implements::[[Panic Button]] - Two taps to send a pre-set message. - implements::[[Location Sharing]] - GPS location attached to the alert. - implements::[[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]]"},{"h":"Addresses","l":26,"t":"- addresses::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - addresses::[[Sexual Violence]] - Aimed at campus dating violence and sexual assault."},{"h":"Connections","l":32,"t":"- instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - informed_by::[[Bystander Intervention]] - related_to::[[On Watch]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":38,"t":"- <https://christinecorbettmoran.com/Circle-of-6> - <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many/apps-against-abuse> **Tags:** #app #bystander #campus"}],"tf":{"000":1,"15":1,"1is2many":1,"2011":1,"2012":2,"2015":2,"4":2,"6":4,"a":9,"abuse":2,"active":1,"activist":1,"addresses":3,"advice":1,"against":2,"aimed":1,"alert":1,"also":1,"and":10,"android":1,"announced":1,"app":4,"apps":3,"archives":1,"assault":2,"at":1,"attached":1,"before":1,"built":1,"button":1,"by":2,"bystander":3,"cabus":2,"call":1,"campus":3,"challenge":2,"chosen":1,"christine":2,"christinecorbettmoran":1,"circle":5,"co":2,"colleges":1,"com":1,"come":1,"connections":1,"contacts":3,"corbett":2,"coverage":1,"created":1,"crisis":1,"cto":1,"customised":1,"dating":2,"departed":1,"developer":3,"directly":1,"domestic":1,"downloads":1,"edition":1,"exactly":1,"example":1,"facebook":1,"fastest":1,"features":1,"feb":1,"filmmaker":1,"first":1,"for":4,"founding":1,"free":1,"friction":1,"friend":1,"from":1,"get":1,"good":2,"gov":1,"gps":2,"happens":1,"help":2,"hhs":1,"hotlines":2,"house":1,"https":2,"implements":4,"including":1,"informed":1,"instance":1,"interrupt":1,"intervention":1,"intimate":2,"invited":1,"ios":1,"is":2,"it":2,"its":1,"lead":2,"links":2,"location":3,"low":1,"me":2,"message":2,"months":1,"moran":2,"nancy":2,"national":1,"network":1,"november":1,"obamawhitehouse":1,"of":6,"often":1,"on":4,"or":1,"originally":1,"over":1,"panic":1,"partner":1,"people":1,"per":1,"personal":2,"picks":1,"pilot":1,"pledge":1,"pre":3,"premise":1,"press":1,"preventing":1,"ran":1,"recognition":1,"related":1,"reported":1,"reputable":1,"request":1,"resource":1,"resources":1,"s":1,"safety":3,"schwartzman":2,"send":1,"sends":1,"sept":1,"set":2,"sexual":3,"sharing":1,"six":2,"small":1,"sources":1,"stop":1,"style":1,"summary":1,"tags":1,"take":1,"taps":2,"team":1,"tech":2,"that":1,"the":10,"their":1,"then":1,"thomas":2,"those":1,"to":6,"together":1,"trusted":3,"two":3,"u":1,"umbrella":1,"under":1,"university":1,"until":1,"user":2,"violence":6,"was":1,"watch":2,"white":1,"wide":1,"williams":1,"winner":1,"with":4,"within":1,"won":1,"year":1}},{"dl":351,"n":"circulo","s":"apps/circulo","secs":[{"h":"Círculo (En Círculo)","l":1,"t":"**Guardian Project** (developer) with **ARTICLE 19** (partner) · iOS / Android · Free & open-source ([gitlab.com/circuloapp](https://gitlab.com/circuloapp)) · Active (©2021–)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"Círculo is the privacy-hardened successor to [[Circle of 6]], built for **journalists, activists and human rights defenders** — and grounded in the experience and concerns of the women who occupy central roles in journalism, social movements and human-rights defence. It keeps Circle of 6's core idea — a self-chosen network of **six** trusted peers — but rebuilds it for high-risk work: members agree on safety protocols, form a social agreement about what they need from each other, then use the app to ask for help, share status, and send encrypted location updates that go *only* to their circle. Its design centre is wellbeing and digital safety: encrypted conversations, **no email or phone number** required to sign up, **lock and disguise** features, no histories stored, and location that is encrypted and never tracked or exposed by the app. The makers are explicit that the app does **not** provide emergency response — it helps a person inform their community and signal what they need, and it requires an internet connection. By reducing isolation it aims to mitigate the burnout, trauma and self-censorship common in these fields."},{"h":"Lineage","l":11,"t":"- succeeds::[[Circle of 6]] - Same six-peer \"circle\" model, re-engineered for journalists and human-rights defenders with strong privacy guarantees."},{"h":"Safety features","l":16,"t":"- implements::[[Trusted Network]] - Six trusted peers with agreed protocols and a social agreement. - implements::[[Panic Button]] - Send alerts \"big and small\" to the circle. - implements::[[Location Sharing]] - Encrypted, circle-only location; the app does not track or expose it. - implements::[[Discreet Access]] - Lock-and-disguise features; no account identifiers; no stored histories."},{"h":"Stance","l":27,"t":"- prioritises::[[Privacy and Safety]] - No email/phone, end-to-end encryption, open-source. - informed_by::[[Bystander Intervention]] - \"Safety starts with community.\""},{"h":"Addresses","l":34,"t":"- addresses::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - Harassment and violence targeting women journalists, activists and HRDs."},{"h":"Connections","l":39,"t":"- instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - related_to::[[Circle of 6]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":44,"t":"- <https://encirculo.org/en/> - <https://gitlab.com/circuloapp> **Tags:** #app #journalists #human-rights #privacy #open-source"}],"tf":{"19":1,"2021":1,"6":4,"a":4,"about":1,"access":1,"account":1,"active":1,"activists":2,"addresses":2,"agree":1,"agreed":1,"agreement":2,"aims":1,"alerts":1,"an":1,"and":19,"android":1,"app":5,"apps":1,"are":1,"article":1,"ask":1,"based":1,"big":1,"built":1,"burnout":1,"but":1,"button":1,"by":3,"bystander":1,"censorship":1,"central":1,"centre":1,"chosen":1,"circle":8,"circuloapp":3,"com":3,"common":1,"community":2,"concerns":1,"connection":1,"connections":1,"conversations":1,"core":1,"círculo":3,"defence":1,"defenders":2,"design":1,"developer":1,"digital":1,"discreet":1,"disguise":2,"does":2,"each":1,"email":2,"emergency":1,"en":2,"encirculo":1,"encrypted":4,"encryption":1,"end":2,"engineered":1,"experience":1,"explicit":1,"expose":1,"exposed":1,"features":3,"fields":1,"for":4,"form":1,"free":1,"from":1,"gender":1,"gitlab":3,"go":1,"grounded":1,"guarantees":1,"guardian":1,"harassment":1,"hardened":1,"help":1,"helps":1,"high":1,"histories":2,"hrds":1,"https":3,"human":4,"idea":1,"identifiers":1,"implements":4,"in":3,"inform":1,"informed":1,"instance":1,"internet":1,"intervention":1,"ios":1,"is":3,"isolation":1,"it":6,"its":1,"journalism":1,"journalists":4,"keeps":1,"lineage":1,"location":4,"lock":2,"makers":1,"members":1,"mitigate":1,"model":1,"movements":1,"need":2,"network":2,"never":1,"no":5,"not":2,"number":1,"occupy":1,"of":7,"on":1,"only":2,"open":3,"or":3,"org":1,"other":1,"panic":1,"partner":1,"peer":1,"peers":2,"person":1,"personal":1,"phone":2,"prioritises":1,"privacy":4,"project":1,"protocols":2,"provide":1,"re":1,"rebuilds":1,"reducing":1,"related":1,"required":1,"requires":1,"response":1,"rights":4,"risk":1,"roles":1,"s":1,"safety":6,"same":1,"self":2,"send":2,"share":1,"sharing":1,"sign":1,"signal":1,"six":3,"small":1,"social":3,"source":3,"sources":1,"stance":1,"starts":1,"status":1,"stored":2,"strong":1,"succeeds":1,"successor":1,"summary":1,"tags":1,"targeting":1,"that":3,"the":10,"their":2,"then":1,"these":1,"they":2,"to":8,"track":1,"tracked":1,"trauma":1,"trusted":3,"up":1,"updates":1,"use":1,"violence":2,"wellbeing":1,"what":2,"who":1,"with":4,"women":2,"work":1}},{"dl":397,"n":"noonlight","s":"apps/noonlight","secs":[{"h":"Noonlight","l":1,"t":"**Noonlight, Inc.** (developer; formerly **SafeTrek**) · iOS / Android · Free core app, paid/partner tiers · Active (©2013–)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"Noonlight is a US personal-safety app, originally launched in 2013 as **SafeTrek** and rebranded to **Noonlight** in 2018. Its signature interaction is a **hold-until-safe button**: a user presses and holds an on-screen button whenever they feel uneasy, then releases it and enters a 4-digit PIN once they reach safety. If the button is released *without* the correct PIN — because the user is in danger, has dropped the phone, or cannot respond — Noonlight's monitoring centre is alerted. Trained dispatchers first call and text to verify, then notify local police with the user's precise GPS location, name, and any emergency notes stored in their profile. The design goal is to summon help without needing to talk, type an address, or even unlock the phone. Over time Noonlight expanded from a standalone panic button into a connected emergency-response platform, integrating with smart-home devices, wearables, and third-party services (for example via IFTTT and, notably, a 2020 integration that powered a panic-button feature inside the Tinder dating app). In January 2020, reporting by Gizmodo found that the Noonlight app was sharing user data with ad-tech and analytics partners — including Facebook and Google's YouTube, plus attribution firms such as Branch and Kochava — raising concerns about the privacy of a service built on tracking vulnerable users' real-time location."},{"h":"Safety features","l":11,"t":"- implements::[[Panic Button]] - Hold-until-safe button; release without the PIN triggers dispatch. - implements::[[Location Sharing]] - Precise GPS location relayed to dispatchers and on to local police. - related_to::[[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]] - Connects users to emergency services (police, fire, medical) via a monitoring centre."},{"h":"Privacy & risks","l":20,"t":"- risks::[[Privacy and Safety]] - 2020 Gizmodo reporting found the app shared data with ad-tech/analytics partners (Facebook, YouTube, Branch, Kochava); the company said shared data was not personally identifiable. - risks::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - A service centred on continuous real-time location creates a sensitive data trail."},{"h":"Connections","l":27,"t":"- instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - related_to::[[bSafe]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":32,"t":"- <https://www.noonlight.com/> - <https://source.washu.edu/2018/08/noonlight-formerly-safetrek-safety-app-available-for-free-to-university-community/> - <https://gizmodo.com/tinders-new-panic-button-is-sharing-your-data-with-ad-t-1841184919> - <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noonlight> **Tags:** #app #panic-button #emergency-dispatch #privacy"}],"tf":{"08":1,"1841184919":1,"2013":2,"2018":2,"2020":3,"4":1,"a":12,"about":1,"abuse":1,"active":1,"ad":3,"address":1,"alerted":1,"an":2,"analytics":2,"and":13,"android":1,"any":1,"app":7,"apps":1,"as":2,"attribution":1,"available":1,"because":1,"branch":2,"bsafe":1,"built":1,"button":9,"by":1,"call":1,"cannot":1,"centre":2,"centred":1,"com":2,"community":1,"company":1,"concerns":1,"connected":1,"connections":1,"connects":1,"continuous":1,"core":1,"correct":1,"creates":1,"crisis":1,"danger":1,"data":5,"dating":1,"design":1,"developer":1,"devices":1,"digit":1,"dispatch":2,"dispatchers":2,"dropped":1,"edu":1,"emergency":4,"en":1,"enters":1,"even":1,"example":1,"expanded":1,"facebook":2,"feature":1,"features":1,"feel":1,"fire":1,"firms":1,"first":1,"for":2,"formerly":2,"found":2,"free":2,"from":1,"gizmodo":3,"goal":1,"google":1,"gps":2,"has":1,"help":1,"hold":2,"holds":1,"home":1,"hotlines":1,"https":4,"identifiable":1,"if":1,"ifttt":1,"implements":2,"in":5,"inc":1,"including":1,"inside":1,"instance":1,"integrating":1,"integration":1,"interaction":1,"into":1,"ios":1,"is":7,"it":1,"its":1,"january":1,"kochava":2,"launched":1,"local":2,"location":6,"medical":1,"monitoring":2,"name":1,"needing":1,"new":1,"noonlight":10,"not":1,"notably":1,"notes":1,"notify":1,"of":2,"on":4,"once":1,"or":2,"org":1,"originally":1,"over":1,"paid":1,"panic":5,"partner":1,"partners":2,"party":1,"personal":2,"personally":1,"phone":2,"pin":3,"platform":1,"plus":1,"police":3,"powered":1,"precise":2,"presses":1,"privacy":4,"profile":1,"raising":1,"reach":1,"real":2,"rebranded":1,"related":2,"relayed":1,"release":1,"released":1,"releases":1,"reporting":2,"resources":1,"respond":1,"response":1,"risks":3,"s":3,"safe":2,"safetrek":3,"safety":6,"said":1,"screen":1,"sensitive":1,"service":2,"services":2,"shared":2,"sharing":3,"signature":1,"smart":1,"source":1,"sources":1,"standalone":1,"stored":1,"such":1,"summary":1,"summon":1,"t":1,"tags":1,"talk":1,"tech":2,"text":1,"that":2,"the":13,"their":1,"then":2,"they":2,"third":1,"tiers":1,"time":3,"tinder":1,"tinders":1,"to":10,"tracking":2,"trail":1,"trained":1,"triggers":1,"type":1,"uneasy":1,"university":1,"unlock":1,"until":2,"us":1,"user":4,"users":2,"verify":1,"via":2,"vulnerable":1,"was":2,"washu":1,"wearables":1,"whenever":1,"wiki":1,"wikipedia":1,"with":5,"without":3,"www":1,"your":1,"youtube":2}},{"dl":218,"n":"on-watch","s":"apps/on-watch","secs":[{"h":"On Watch","l":1,"t":"**On Watch** · iPhone · Free · circa 2011–2012"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"On Watch is an iPhone personal-safety app built for college students. It lets a user transmit critical information — by phone, email, text, and social media — to a chosen support network. Two touches can call 911 or campus police; \"check-in\" messages keep friends informed; and **countdown timers** automatically send a message with GPS coordinates if an activity does not go according to plan (for example, a walk home that runs long). It also connects users directly to sexual-assault, dating-violence, and domestic-abuse hotlines. It was named alongside [[Circle of 6]] as a co-winner of the federal [[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]], whose brief was to keep young adults connected to trusted friends in real time and to provide fast access to help."},{"h":"Recognition","l":11,"t":"- won::[[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]] - Co-winner with [[Circle of 6]], announced November 2011."},{"h":"Safety features","l":16,"t":"- implements::[[Panic Button]] - Two-touch call to 911 or campus police. - implements::[[Location Sharing]] - GPS sent automatically on a missed check-in / countdown. - implements::[[Trusted Network]] - implements::[[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]]"},{"h":"Addresses","l":25,"t":"- addresses::[[Sexual Violence]] - addresses::[[Intimate Partner Violence]]"},{"h":"Connections","l":30,"t":"- instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - informed_by::[[Bystander Intervention]] - related_to::[[Circle of 6]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":36,"t":"- <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many/apps-against-abuse> **Tags:** #app #campus"}],"tf":{"1is2many":1,"2011":2,"2012":1,"6":3,"911":2,"a":6,"abuse":4,"access":1,"according":1,"activity":1,"addresses":3,"adults":1,"against":3,"alongside":1,"also":1,"an":2,"and":5,"announced":1,"app":2,"apps":4,"archives":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"automatically":2,"brief":1,"built":1,"button":1,"by":2,"bystander":1,"call":2,"campus":3,"can":1,"challenge":2,"check":2,"chosen":1,"circa":1,"circle":3,"co":2,"college":1,"connected":1,"connections":1,"connects":1,"coordinates":1,"countdown":2,"crisis":1,"critical":1,"dating":1,"directly":1,"does":1,"domestic":1,"email":1,"example":1,"fast":1,"features":1,"federal":1,"for":2,"free":1,"friends":2,"go":1,"gov":1,"gps":2,"help":1,"home":1,"hotlines":2,"https":1,"if":1,"implements":4,"in":3,"information":1,"informed":2,"instance":1,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"iphone":2,"is":1,"it":3,"keep":2,"lets":1,"location":1,"long":1,"media":1,"message":1,"messages":1,"missed":1,"named":1,"network":2,"not":1,"november":1,"obamawhitehouse":1,"of":5,"on":4,"or":2,"panic":1,"partner":1,"personal":2,"phone":1,"plan":1,"police":2,"provide":1,"real":1,"recognition":1,"related":1,"resources":1,"runs":1,"safety":3,"send":1,"sent":1,"sexual":2,"sharing":1,"social":1,"sources":1,"students":1,"summary":1,"support":1,"tags":1,"text":1,"that":1,"the":1,"time":1,"timers":1,"to":9,"touch":1,"touches":1,"transmit":1,"trusted":2,"two":2,"user":1,"users":1,"violence":3,"walk":1,"was":2,"watch":3,"whose":1,"winner":2,"with":2,"won":1,"young":1}},{"dl":388,"n":"concept-map","s":"concept-map","secs":[{"h":"Concept Map — A Tour of Anti-Violence Tech","l":1,"t":"This is the prose tour of the vault: the ideas and how they interlock. For the index of every note, see [[index]]."},{"h":"The problem shapes the tools","l":5,"t":"Anti-violence technology only makes sense against the violence it answers. [[Gender-Based Violence]] is the umbrella; within it sit [[Domestic Violence]] and [[Intimate Partner Violence]], whose defining dynamic is often [[Coercive Control]] — a pattern of domination that runs through finances, isolation, and surveillance, not just physical assault. [[Stalking]] extends the same control beyond the relationship. Naming these accurately matters, because a tool designed for **stranger danger** (a [[Panic Button]] for a dark parking lot) addresses a very different threat model from one designed for a survivor living with their abuser."},{"h":"Three families of tools","l":9,"t":"Most products cluster into a few patterns: - **Alarm-and-summon.** [[Personal Safety Apps]] like [[bSafe]] and [[Noonlight]] center a [[Panic Button]] that alerts a [[Trusted Network]] or dispatch, usually with [[Location Sharing]]. The core question is *who is notified, and can they actually help in time?* - **Network-and-intervene.** [[Bystander Intervention]] tools like [[Circle of 6]] lower the friction of reaching friends before a situation escalates — prevention over reaction. - **Document-and-disclose.** [[Evidence Documentation]] tools help survivors capture incidents for protective orders or prosecution, feeding into [[Reporting and Disclosure]] and [[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]]. Increasingly, [[Safety Wearables]] and [[AI Distress Detection]] add hardware triggers and automatic detection on top of these patterns."},{"h":"The double edge","l":19,"t":"The same capabilities that protect can be turned into weapons. [[Location Sharing]] inverts into [[Location Tracking Abuse]]; consumer monitoring apps become [[Stalkerware]]; the broader pattern is [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]. This is why [[Privacy and Safety]] is not a feature checkbox but the central design tension: a safety app that leaks data, or that an abuser can see on a shared device, can increase danger."},{"h":"Designing for survivors","l":23,"t":"The strongest tools are built with [[Trauma-Informed Design]] and [[Survivor-Centered Design]]: [[Discreet Access|discreet apps]] that disguise themselves on a monitored phone, defaults that fail safe, and [[Risk Assessment]] grounded in what actually predicts escalation. The measure of an anti-violence tool is not its feature list but whether it reduces real harm for the people most at risk — a claim that should be checked against [[Research]], such as [[Tech Abuse and Coercive Control]]."}],"tf":{"6":1,"a":16,"abuse":3,"abuser":2,"access":1,"accurately":1,"actually":2,"add":1,"addresses":1,"against":2,"ai":1,"alarm":1,"alerts":1,"an":2,"and":17,"answers":1,"anti":3,"app":1,"apps":3,"are":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"assessment":1,"at":1,"automatic":1,"based":1,"be":2,"because":1,"become":1,"before":1,"beyond":1,"broader":1,"bsafe":1,"built":1,"but":2,"button":2,"bystander":1,"can":4,"capabilities":1,"capture":1,"center":1,"centered":1,"central":1,"checkbox":1,"checked":1,"circle":1,"claim":1,"cluster":1,"coercive":2,"concept":1,"consumer":1,"control":3,"core":1,"crisis":1,"danger":2,"dark":1,"data":1,"defaults":1,"defining":1,"design":3,"designed":2,"designing":1,"detection":2,"device":1,"different":1,"disclose":1,"disclosure":1,"discreet":2,"disguise":1,"dispatch":1,"distress":1,"document":1,"documentation":1,"domestic":1,"domination":1,"double":1,"dynamic":1,"edge":1,"enabled":1,"escalates":1,"escalation":1,"every":1,"evidence":1,"extends":1,"fail":1,"families":1,"feature":2,"feeding":1,"few":1,"finances":1,"for":7,"friction":1,"friends":1,"from":1,"gender":1,"grounded":1,"hardware":1,"harm":1,"help":2,"hotlines":1,"how":1,"ideas":1,"in":2,"incidents":1,"increase":1,"increasingly":1,"index":2,"informed":1,"interlock":1,"intervene":1,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"into":4,"inverts":1,"is":9,"isolation":1,"it":3,"its":1,"just":1,"leaks":1,"like":2,"list":1,"living":1,"location":3,"lot":1,"lower":1,"makes":1,"map":1,"matters":1,"measure":1,"model":1,"monitored":1,"monitoring":1,"most":2,"naming":1,"network":2,"noonlight":1,"not":3,"note":1,"notified":1,"of":9,"often":1,"on":3,"one":1,"only":1,"or":3,"orders":1,"over":1,"panic":2,"parking":1,"partner":1,"pattern":2,"patterns":2,"people":1,"personal":1,"phone":1,"physical":1,"predicts":1,"prevention":1,"privacy":1,"problem":1,"products":1,"prose":1,"prosecution":1,"protect":1,"protective":1,"question":1,"reaching":1,"reaction":1,"real":1,"reduces":1,"relationship":1,"reporting":1,"research":1,"resources":1,"risk":2,"runs":1,"safe":1,"safety":4,"same":2,"see":2,"sense":1,"shapes":1,"shared":1,"sharing":2,"should":1,"sit":1,"situation":1,"stalkerware":1,"stalking":1,"stranger":1,"strongest":1,"such":1,"summon":1,"surveillance":1,"survivor":2,"survivors":2,"tech":3,"technology":1,"tension":1,"that":8,"the":19,"their":1,"themselves":1,"these":2,"they":2,"this":2,"threat":1,"three":1,"through":1,"time":1,"tool":2,"tools":5,"top":1,"tour":2,"tracking":1,"trauma":1,"triggers":1,"trusted":1,"turned":1,"umbrella":1,"usually":1,"vault":1,"very":1,"violence":7,"weapons":1,"wearables":1,"what":1,"whether":1,"who":1,"whose":1,"why":1,"with":3,"within":1}},{"dl":313,"n":"ai-distress-detection","s":"concepts/ai-distress-detection","secs":[{"h":"AI Distress Detection","l":1,"t":"**AI distress detection** refers to systems that try to infer that a person is in danger from sensor data and trigger an alert automatically — without the user having to press anything. Audio-based variants run scream, gunshot, or \"distress\" classifiers built from MFCC and pitch features and SVM/CNN models; wearable variants (e.g. smartwatch systems such as Suraksha) fuse accelerometer, gyroscope, heart-rate, and GPS signals to infer assault or a fall. The appeal is obvious: in an attack a victim may be unable to reach a [[Panic Button]], so automation promises help when manual triggering fails. The critiques are substantial. Reliability is bounded by training data: environmental noise misclassifies vocal cues, and acoustic detectors notoriously confuse fireworks and car backfires for gunshots — EFF notes that over 99% of one vendor's alerts produced no police action, and that false positives can escalate a police response dangerously. Dataset bias means systems can perform worse on certain demographics, cultures, or vocal patterns, a fairness problem that maps onto [[Racial Capitalism]] critiques of who gets surveilled and who gets served. Always-on listening also raises eavesdropping-law and consent issues, putting the technology in direct [[Privacy and Safety]] tension and feeding [[Techno-Solutionism]]: a confident-sounding model substituted for harder structural work. As a capability it sits inside [[Personal Safety Apps]] and overlaps with [[Safety Wearables]], and its accuracy-versus-autonomy trade-offs are exactly the kind of claim a project like [[The Safest Woman Alive]] interrogates."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - related_to::[[Safety Wearables]] - critiqued_by::[[The Safest Woman Alive]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12251837/ - https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2025/10/flocks-gunshot-detection-microphones-will-start-listening-human-voices - https://wjarr.com/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/WJARR-2025-3887.pdf **Tags:** #concept #ai #detection"}],"tf":{"10":1,"2025":2,"3887":1,"99":1,"a":9,"accelerometer":1,"accuracy":1,"acoustic":1,"action":1,"ai":3,"alert":1,"alerts":1,"alive":2,"also":1,"always":1,"an":2,"and":14,"anything":1,"appeal":1,"apps":2,"are":2,"articles":1,"as":2,"assault":1,"attack":1,"audio":1,"automatically":1,"automation":1,"autonomy":1,"backfires":1,"based":1,"be":1,"bias":1,"bounded":1,"built":1,"button":1,"by":2,"can":2,"capability":1,"capitalism":1,"car":1,"certain":1,"claim":1,"classifiers":1,"cnn":1,"com":1,"concept":1,"confident":1,"confuse":1,"consent":1,"critiqued":1,"critiques":2,"cues":1,"cultures":1,"danger":1,"dangerously":1,"data":2,"dataset":1,"deeplinks":1,"default":1,"demographics":1,"detection":4,"detectors":1,"direct":1,"distress":3,"e":1,"eavesdropping":1,"eff":2,"environmental":1,"escalate":1,"exactly":1,"fails":1,"fairness":1,"fall":1,"false":1,"features":1,"feeding":1,"files":1,"fireworks":1,"flocks":1,"for":2,"from":2,"fulltext":1,"fuse":1,"g":1,"gets":2,"gov":1,"gps":1,"gunshot":2,"gunshots":1,"gyroscope":1,"harder":1,"having":1,"heart":1,"help":1,"https":3,"human":1,"in":4,"infer":2,"inside":1,"interrogates":1,"is":3,"issues":1,"it":1,"its":1,"kind":1,"law":1,"like":1,"listening":2,"manual":1,"maps":1,"may":1,"means":1,"mfcc":1,"microphones":1,"misclassifies":1,"model":1,"models":1,"ncbi":1,"nih":1,"nlm":1,"no":1,"noise":1,"notes":1,"notoriously":1,"obvious":1,"of":4,"offs":1,"on":2,"one":1,"onto":1,"or":3,"org":1,"over":1,"overlaps":1,"panic":1,"part":1,"patterns":1,"pdf":2,"perform":1,"person":1,"personal":2,"pitch":1,"pmc":1,"pmc12251837":1,"police":2,"positives":1,"press":1,"privacy":2,"problem":1,"produced":1,"project":1,"promises":1,"putting":1,"racial":1,"raises":1,"rate":1,"reach":1,"refers":1,"related":1,"reliability":1,"response":1,"run":1,"s":1,"safest":2,"safety":6,"scream":1,"sensor":1,"served":1,"signals":1,"sites":1,"sits":1,"smartwatch":1,"so":1,"solutionism":1,"sounding":1,"sources":1,"start":1,"structural":1,"substantial":1,"substituted":1,"such":1,"suraksha":1,"surveilled":1,"svm":1,"systems":3,"tags":1,"techno":1,"technology":1,"tension":2,"that":5,"the":7,"this":1,"to":6,"trade":1,"training":1,"trigger":1,"triggering":1,"try":1,"unable":1,"user":1,"variants":2,"vault":1,"vendor":1,"versus":1,"victim":1,"vocal":2,"voices":1,"wearable":1,"wearables":2,"when":1,"who":2,"will":1,"with":2,"without":1,"wjarr":2,"woman":2,"work":1,"worse":1,"www":1}},{"dl":113,"n":"bystander-intervention","s":"concepts/bystander-intervention","secs":[{"h":"Bystander Intervention","l":1,"t":"**Bystander intervention** is a violence-prevention approach that equips the people *around* a potential victim — friends, peers, colleagues, communities — to notice, interrupt and prevent harm before it occurs, rather than placing the whole burden on the person at risk. In safety tech it shows up as tools that lower the friction of reaching trusted people: [[Circle of 6]], [[Circulo|Círculo]], [[On Watch]], and the federal [[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]] that promoted them were all explicitly bystander- and prevention-oriented. [[Insight Exchange]]'s [[Responders Lab]] extends the idea beyond the crisis moment, framing *everyone* as an ongoing \"responder\" whose interactions matter."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- prevents::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - related_to::[[Trusted Network]]"}],"tf":{"6":1,"a":2,"abuse":1,"against":1,"all":1,"an":1,"and":3,"approach":1,"apps":1,"around":1,"as":2,"at":1,"based":1,"before":1,"beyond":1,"burden":1,"bystander":3,"challenge":1,"circle":1,"circulo":1,"colleagues":1,"communities":1,"crisis":1,"círculo":1,"equips":1,"everyone":1,"exchange":1,"explicitly":1,"extends":1,"federal":1,"framing":1,"friction":1,"friends":1,"gender":1,"harm":1,"idea":1,"in":2,"insight":1,"interactions":1,"interrupt":1,"intervention":2,"is":1,"it":2,"lab":1,"lower":1,"matter":1,"moment":1,"network":1,"notice":1,"occurs":1,"of":2,"on":2,"ongoing":1,"oriented":1,"peers":1,"people":2,"person":1,"placing":1,"potential":1,"prevent":1,"prevention":2,"prevents":1,"promoted":1,"rather":1,"reaching":1,"related":1,"responder":1,"responders":1,"risk":1,"s":1,"safety":1,"shows":1,"tech":1,"than":1,"that":3,"the":7,"them":1,"this":1,"to":2,"tools":1,"trusted":2,"up":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"violence":2,"watch":1,"were":1,"whole":1,"whose":1}},{"dl":95,"n":"coercive-control","s":"concepts/coercive-control","secs":[{"h":"Coercive Control","l":1,"t":"**Coercive control** is a pattern of domination — isolation, intimidation, monitoring, and financial and emotional control — that defines much [[Intimate Partner Violence]] and [[Domestic Violence]], and which physical assault alone fails to capture. It is the dynamic that makes [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] so potent: surveillance and information-control are not incidental to the abuse, they *are* the abuse. Tools designed for stranger danger often miss it; survivor-centred resources such as [[My Safety Kit]] are built around it."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - manifests_in::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] - related_to::[[Stalking]]"}],"tf":{"a":1,"abuse":4,"alone":1,"and":5,"are":3,"around":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"based":1,"built":1,"capture":1,"centred":1,"coercive":2,"control":4,"danger":1,"defines":1,"designed":1,"domestic":1,"domination":1,"dynamic":1,"emotional":1,"enabled":2,"fails":1,"financial":1,"for":1,"gender":1,"in":2,"incidental":1,"information":1,"intimate":1,"intimidation":1,"is":2,"isolation":1,"it":3,"kit":1,"makes":1,"manifests":1,"miss":1,"monitoring":1,"much":1,"my":1,"not":1,"of":2,"often":1,"partner":1,"pattern":1,"physical":1,"potent":1,"related":1,"resources":1,"safety":1,"so":1,"stalking":1,"stranger":1,"subtype":1,"such":1,"surveillance":1,"survivor":1,"tech":2,"that":2,"the":3,"they":1,"this":1,"to":3,"tools":1,"vault":1,"violence":3,"which":1}},{"dl":291,"n":"criminal-legal-system","s":"concepts/criminal-legal-system","secs":[{"h":"Criminal Legal System","l":1,"t":"The **criminal legal system** — police, prosecution, courts, and incarceration — is the institutional channel toward which much anti-violence response is oriented, and a recurring point of tension in this vault. For [[Sexual Violence]] the funnel is steep: RAINN estimates that of every 1,000 assaults, only about 310 are reported to police and roughly 25 perpetrators are incarcerated, meaning the vast majority are never held accountable through criminal channels. Critics of \"carceral feminism\" — Aya Gruber, Mimi Kim, and others — argue that relying on policing, mandatory-arrest laws, and no-drop prosecution to protect women has unevenly harmed poor communities and communities of colour, increasing arrests of Black men and exposing survivors themselves to criminalisation. This is why the system cannot be treated as a neutral endpoint for safety technology. Many [[Reporting Apps]] and [[Evidence Documentation]] tools are designed, implicitly or explicitly, to feed this system: to produce \"institutionally legible\" accounts that police and courts will accept. Henne, Shelby and Harb show that this entanglement is a design feature rather than an accident, and that it carries racialised risks — a critique that connects the system directly to [[Racial Capitalism]]. For a [[Victim-Survivor]], the choice to route a disclosure through law enforcement is rarely simple, and [[Survivor-Centered Design]] approaches increasingly treat non-carceral support as a first-class option."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- related_to::[[Reporting and Disclosure]] - critiqued_in::[[Datafication of MeToo]] - analysed_by::[[Four Domains of Power]] - related_to::[[Racial Capitalism]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":13,"t":"- <https://rainn.org/facts-statistics-the-scope-of-the-problem/statistics-the-criminal-justice-system/> - <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carceral_feminism> - <https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11238628/> - <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211055898> **Tags:** #concept #criminal-legal-system #carceral"}],"tf":{"000":1,"1":1,"10":1,"1177":1,"20539517211055898":1,"25":1,"310":1,"a":7,"about":1,"accept":1,"accident":1,"accountable":1,"accounts":1,"an":1,"analysed":1,"and":13,"anti":1,"approaches":1,"apps":1,"are":4,"argue":1,"arrest":1,"arrests":1,"articles":1,"as":2,"assaults":1,"aya":1,"be":1,"black":1,"by":1,"cannot":1,"capitalism":2,"carceral":4,"carries":1,"centered":1,"channel":1,"channels":1,"choice":1,"class":1,"colour":1,"com":1,"communities":2,"concept":1,"connects":1,"courts":2,"criminal":5,"criminalisation":1,"critics":1,"critique":1,"critiqued":1,"datafication":1,"design":2,"designed":1,"directly":1,"disclosure":2,"documentation":1,"doi":1,"domains":1,"drop":1,"en":1,"endpoint":1,"enforcement":1,"entanglement":1,"estimates":1,"every":1,"evidence":1,"explicitly":1,"exposing":1,"facts":1,"feature":1,"feed":1,"feminism":2,"first":1,"for":3,"four":1,"full":1,"funnel":1,"gov":1,"gruber":1,"harb":1,"harmed":1,"has":1,"held":1,"henne":1,"https":4,"implicitly":1,"in":3,"incarcerated":1,"incarceration":1,"increasing":1,"increasingly":1,"institutional":1,"institutionally":1,"is":6,"it":1,"journals":1,"justice":1,"kim":1,"law":1,"laws":1,"legal":3,"legible":1,"majority":1,"mandatory":1,"many":1,"meaning":1,"men":1,"metoo":1,"mimi":1,"much":1,"ncbi":1,"neutral":1,"never":1,"nih":1,"nlm":1,"no":1,"non":1,"of":8,"on":1,"only":1,"option":1,"or":1,"org":2,"oriented":1,"others":1,"perpetrators":1,"pmc":1,"pmc11238628":1,"point":1,"police":3,"policing":1,"poor":1,"power":1,"problem":1,"produce":1,"prosecution":2,"protect":1,"racial":2,"racialised":1,"rainn":2,"rarely":1,"rather":1,"recurring":1,"related":2,"relying":1,"reported":1,"reporting":2,"response":1,"risks":1,"roughly":1,"route":1,"safety":1,"sagepub":1,"scope":1,"sexual":1,"shelby":1,"show":1,"simple":1,"sources":1,"statistics":2,"steep":1,"support":1,"survivor":2,"survivors":1,"system":7,"tags":1,"technology":1,"tension":1,"than":1,"that":6,"the":10,"themselves":1,"this":5,"through":2,"to":9,"tools":1,"toward":1,"treat":1,"treated":1,"unevenly":1,"vast":1,"vault":2,"victim":1,"violence":2,"which":1,"why":1,"wiki":1,"wikipedia":1,"will":1,"women":1}},{"dl":271,"n":"crisis-hotlines-and-resources","s":"concepts/crisis-hotlines-and-resources","secs":[{"h":"Crisis Hotlines and Resources","l":1,"t":"**Crisis hotlines and resources** are the human-staffed support infrastructure behind much anti-violence technology — the warm referral that an app's \"get help\" button should ultimately reach. In the US the National Domestic Violence Hotline offers free, confidential support by phone (1-800-799-SAFE), online chat, and text in over 200 languages, while the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline provides a broader mental-health crisis line. Confidentiality is the defining feature: domestic-violence service providers operate under strict rules that sharply limit what can be shared with outside parties, because a leak can be life-threatening for a survivor. This is precisely why a hotline disclosure differs from a report to the [[Criminal Legal System]] — the survivor controls what happens next. NNEDV's Safety Net Project sits at the intersection these notes care about, working on how technology affects the safety, privacy, accessibility, and civil rights of victims, and publishing survivor-facing guidance on [[Stalkerware]], [[Location Tracking Abuse]], and device security. Most [[Personal Safety Apps]] embed hotline numbers or resource directories, and tools like [[Circle of 6]] and [[My Safety Kit]] are built around connecting users to trusted help rather than replacing it. The design principle is that technology should route toward — not substitute for — confidential human support; treating an app as a stand-in for a hotline is a form of [[Techno-Solutionism]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - supports::[[Victim-Survivor]] - related_to::[[Reporting and Disclosure]] - tension_with::[[Techno-Solutionism]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":13,"t":"- <https://nnedv.org/content/technology-safety/> - <https://www.thehotline.org/> - <https://nnedv.org/content/confidentiality/> **Tags:** #concept #crisis-hotlines #resources"}],"tf":{"1":1,"200":1,"6":1,"799":1,"800":1,"988":1,"a":8,"about":1,"abuse":1,"accessibility":1,"affects":1,"an":2,"and":10,"anti":1,"app":2,"apps":2,"are":2,"around":1,"as":1,"at":1,"be":2,"because":1,"behind":1,"broader":1,"built":1,"button":1,"by":1,"can":2,"care":1,"chat":1,"circle":1,"civil":1,"concept":1,"confidential":2,"confidentiality":2,"connecting":1,"content":2,"controls":1,"criminal":1,"crisis":5,"defining":1,"design":1,"device":1,"differs":1,"directories":1,"disclosure":2,"domestic":2,"embed":1,"facing":1,"feature":1,"for":3,"form":1,"free":1,"from":1,"get":1,"guidance":1,"happens":1,"health":1,"help":2,"hotline":4,"hotlines":3,"how":1,"https":3,"human":2,"in":4,"infrastructure":1,"intersection":1,"is":4,"it":1,"kit":1,"languages":1,"leak":1,"legal":1,"life":1,"lifeline":1,"like":1,"limit":1,"line":1,"location":1,"mental":1,"most":1,"much":1,"my":1,"national":1,"net":1,"next":1,"nnedv":3,"not":1,"notes":1,"numbers":1,"of":4,"offers":1,"on":2,"online":1,"operate":1,"or":1,"org":3,"outside":1,"over":1,"part":1,"parties":1,"personal":2,"phone":1,"precisely":1,"principle":1,"privacy":1,"project":1,"providers":1,"provides":1,"publishing":1,"rather":1,"reach":1,"referral":1,"related":1,"replacing":1,"report":1,"reporting":1,"resource":1,"resources":3,"rights":1,"route":1,"rules":1,"s":2,"safe":1,"safety":6,"security":1,"service":1,"shared":1,"sharply":1,"should":2,"sits":1,"solutionism":2,"sources":1,"staffed":1,"stalkerware":1,"stand":1,"strict":1,"substitute":1,"suicide":1,"support":3,"supports":1,"survivor":4,"system":1,"tags":1,"techno":2,"technology":4,"tension":1,"text":1,"than":1,"that":3,"the":11,"thehotline":1,"these":1,"this":2,"threatening":1,"to":3,"tools":1,"toward":1,"tracking":1,"treating":1,"trusted":1,"ultimately":1,"under":1,"us":1,"users":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"victims":1,"violence":3,"warm":1,"what":2,"while":1,"why":1,"with":2,"working":1,"www":1}},{"dl":306,"n":"discreet-access","s":"concepts/discreet-access","secs":[{"h":"Discreet Access","l":1,"t":"**Discreet access** is the cluster of UX patterns that let a person reach safety tools without an abuser, bystander, or a monitored device noticing. In practice this means disguised or \"cloaked\" launchers (apps that present as a news reader or weather app), silent or *stealth* alerting that fires an SOS while an innocuous home screen stays on display, fake-call screens that fabricate an excuse to leave a room, hidden trigger gestures (e.g. a triple-tap on the screen edge), and a deliberate refusal to store call logs or alert history that could later be discovered. Some pilots go further and ship with no app name and no obvious icon, sending an in-app call to police without the user having to speak. These choices assume the threat model of [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] and [[Coercive Control]]: that the device itself may be surveilled, and that being *seen* seeking help is its own danger. Discreet access is a concrete expression of [[Trauma-Informed Design]] — control left with the user, defaults that fail safe — and it is a defensive response to [[Stalkerware]] and [[Location Tracking Abuse]]. It overlaps with the [[Panic Button]] (the quietest possible trigger) and with quick-exit affordances that scrub a screen instantly. The same cloaking that protects a [[Victim-Survivor]] can, however, create a [[Privacy and Safety]] tension: hidden tools are harder to audit, and a feature designed to evade an abuser can resemble the very disguise techniques abusers use, so the design must center the survivor's own assessment of risk."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- part_of::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - protects_against::[[Stalkerware]] - related_to::[[Panic Button]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://9to5mac.com/2022/05/24/domestic-violence-app/ - https://violencereductionalliance.co.uk/hollie-guard/ - https://www.techsafety.org/spyware-and-stalkerware-phone-surveillance **Tags:** #concept #ux #safety"}],"tf":{"05":1,"2022":1,"24":1,"9to5mac":1,"a":12,"abuse":2,"abuser":2,"abusers":1,"access":3,"affordances":1,"against":1,"alert":1,"alerting":1,"an":6,"and":12,"app":4,"apps":1,"are":1,"as":1,"assessment":1,"assume":1,"audit":1,"be":2,"being":1,"button":2,"bystander":1,"call":3,"can":2,"center":1,"choices":1,"cloaked":1,"cloaking":1,"cluster":1,"co":1,"coercive":1,"com":1,"concept":1,"concrete":1,"control":2,"could":1,"create":1,"danger":1,"defaults":1,"defensive":1,"deliberate":1,"design":3,"designed":1,"device":2,"discovered":1,"discreet":3,"disguise":1,"disguised":1,"display":1,"domestic":1,"e":1,"edge":1,"enabled":1,"evade":1,"excuse":1,"exit":1,"expression":1,"fabricate":1,"fail":1,"fake":1,"feature":1,"fires":1,"further":1,"g":1,"gestures":1,"go":1,"guard":1,"harder":1,"having":1,"help":1,"hidden":2,"history":1,"hollie":1,"home":1,"however":1,"https":3,"icon":1,"in":3,"informed":2,"innocuous":1,"instantly":1,"is":4,"it":2,"its":1,"itself":1,"later":1,"launchers":1,"leave":1,"left":1,"let":1,"location":1,"logs":1,"may":1,"means":1,"model":1,"monitored":1,"must":1,"name":1,"news":1,"no":2,"noticing":1,"obvious":1,"of":5,"on":2,"or":5,"org":1,"overlaps":1,"own":2,"panic":2,"part":1,"patterns":1,"person":1,"phone":1,"pilots":1,"police":1,"possible":1,"practice":1,"present":1,"privacy":2,"protects":2,"quick":1,"quietest":1,"reach":1,"reader":1,"refusal":1,"related":1,"resemble":1,"response":1,"risk":1,"room":1,"s":1,"safe":1,"safety":4,"same":1,"screen":3,"screens":1,"scrub":1,"seeking":1,"seen":1,"sending":1,"ship":1,"silent":1,"so":1,"some":1,"sos":1,"sources":1,"speak":1,"spyware":1,"stalkerware":3,"stays":1,"stealth":1,"store":1,"surveillance":1,"surveilled":1,"survivor":2,"tags":1,"tap":1,"tech":1,"techniques":1,"techsafety":1,"tension":2,"that":10,"the":12,"these":1,"this":2,"threat":1,"to":8,"tools":2,"tracking":1,"trauma":2,"trigger":2,"triple":1,"uk":1,"use":1,"user":2,"ux":2,"vault":1,"very":1,"victim":1,"violence":1,"violencereductionalliance":1,"weather":1,"while":1,"with":5,"without":2,"www":1}},{"dl":72,"n":"domestic-family-and-sexualised-violence","s":"concepts/domestic-family-and-sexualised-violence","secs":[{"h":"Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence","l":1,"t":"**Domestic, family and sexualised violence (DFSV)** is the framing used across Australia — and by [[Insight Exchange]] — to name the spectrum of violence and abuse occurring within intimate, family and domestic relationships, including its sexualised dimensions. It maps onto [[Domestic Violence]], [[Intimate Partner Violence]] and [[Sexual Violence]] while deliberately keeping family relationships and lived experience in view."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]]"}],"tf":{"abuse":1,"across":1,"and":7,"australia":1,"based":1,"by":1,"centres":1,"deliberately":1,"dfsv":1,"dimensions":1,"domestic":4,"exchange":1,"experience":1,"family":4,"framing":1,"gender":1,"in":2,"including":1,"insight":1,"intimate":2,"is":1,"it":1,"its":1,"keeping":1,"lived":1,"maps":1,"name":1,"occurring":1,"of":2,"onto":1,"partner":1,"relationships":2,"sexual":1,"sexualised":3,"spectrum":1,"subtype":1,"survivor":1,"the":2,"this":1,"to":1,"used":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"view":1,"violence":7,"while":1,"within":1}},{"dl":268,"n":"domestic-violence","s":"concepts/domestic-violence","secs":[{"h":"Domestic Violence","l":1,"t":"**Domestic violence** (often used interchangeably with domestic abuse) is a pattern of abusive behaviour used by one person to gain or maintain power and control over another within a domestic setting — a current or former spouse, partner, or family member. It encompasses physical, sexual, psychological and economic harm, and in practice is rarely a single incident: the abuse that matters most is the sustained pattern of [[Coercive Control]] — isolation, intimidation, surveillance and restriction — that physical-injury counts alone fail to capture. While it overlaps heavily with [[Intimate Partner Violence]], \"domestic violence\" is the broader frame, also covering abuse by relatives and other household members. Globally it is one of the most common forms of [[Gender-Based Violence]]. WHO estimates that roughly 25.8% of ever-partnered women aged 15–49 have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner at least once in their lifetime, and that about 31.6% of women worldwide (around 840 million) have experienced physical/sexual partner violence or non-partner sexual violence. The lethal edge is stark: in 2023 an estimated 140 women and girls were killed every day by an intimate partner or family member. Tools and resources in this vault aim to prevent, interrupt, document or respond to these harms, increasingly mindful that abusers also weaponise technology — see [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - characterised_by::[[Coercive Control]] - related_to::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - manifests_in::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499891/ **Tags:** #concept #violence"}],"tf":{"140":1,"15":1,"2023":1,"25":1,"31":1,"49":1,"6":1,"8":1,"840":1,"a":4,"about":1,"abuse":5,"abusers":1,"abusive":1,"against":1,"aged":1,"aim":1,"alone":1,"also":2,"an":3,"and":9,"another":1,"around":1,"at":1,"based":2,"behaviour":1,"books":1,"broader":1,"by":5,"capture":1,"characterised":1,"coercive":2,"common":1,"concept":1,"control":3,"counts":1,"covering":1,"current":1,"day":1,"detail":1,"document":1,"domestic":5,"economic":1,"edge":1,"enabled":2,"encompasses":1,"estimated":1,"estimates":1,"ever":1,"every":1,"experienced":2,"fact":1,"fail":1,"family":2,"former":1,"forms":1,"frame":1,"gain":1,"gender":2,"girls":1,"globally":1,"gov":1,"harm":1,"harms":1,"have":2,"heavily":1,"household":1,"https":2,"in":6,"incident":1,"increasingly":1,"injury":1,"int":1,"interchangeably":1,"interrupt":1,"intimate":4,"intimidation":1,"is":6,"isolation":1,"it":3,"killed":1,"least":1,"lethal":1,"lifetime":1,"maintain":1,"manifests":1,"matters":1,"member":2,"members":1,"million":1,"mindful":1,"most":2,"nbk499891":1,"ncbi":1,"news":1,"nih":1,"nlm":1,"non":1,"of":7,"often":1,"once":1,"one":2,"or":7,"other":1,"over":1,"overlaps":1,"partner":7,"partnered":1,"pattern":2,"person":1,"physical":4,"power":1,"practice":1,"prevent":1,"psychological":1,"rarely":1,"related":1,"relatives":1,"resources":1,"respond":1,"restriction":1,"room":1,"roughly":1,"see":1,"setting":1,"sexual":4,"sheets":1,"single":1,"sources":1,"spouse":1,"stark":1,"subtype":1,"surveillance":1,"sustained":1,"tags":1,"tech":2,"technology":1,"that":5,"the":5,"their":1,"these":1,"this":2,"to":5,"tools":1,"used":2,"vault":2,"violence":12,"weaponise":1,"were":1,"while":1,"who":2,"with":2,"within":1,"women":4,"worldwide":1,"www":2}},{"dl":281,"n":"economic-abuse","s":"concepts/economic-abuse","secs":[{"h":"Economic Abuse","l":1,"t":"**Economic abuse** (often called financial abuse) is the control of a partner's or ex-partner's money, resources and the things money can buy, in order to limit their independence and trap them in the relationship. It includes restricting access to bank accounts and income, sabotaging employment or education, running up coerced debt in the victim's name, and controlling access to transport, technology, housing and daily essentials. It is a core tactic of [[Coercive Control]]: by stripping away the material means of leaving, an abuser makes escape practically impossible. Survivors frequently cite financial insecurity as a primary reason for staying with — or returning to — an abusive partner, and the damage (ruined credit, employment gaps, debt) persists long after the relationship ends. Economic abuse is a pervasive but widely under-recognised form of [[Gender-Based Violence]]. The US National Network to End Domestic Violence reports that financial abuse occurs in an estimated 99% of domestic violence cases, making it nearly universal in abusive relationships, yet it is poorly understood by the public. In the UK, charity Surviving Economic Abuse estimates that roughly 1 in 6 women has experienced economic abuse by a current or former partner. Because so much of modern financial life and account access runs through phones and shared logins, economic abuse increasingly intersects with [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]; survivor-centred resources such as [[My Safety Kit]] are built to help victim-survivors document and counter it."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - instance_of::[[Coercive Control]] - addressed_by::[[My Safety Kit]] - related_to::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://nnedv.org/content/about-financial-abuse/ - https://survivingeconomicabuse.org/what-is-economic-abuse/ **Tags:** #concept #violence"}],"tf":{"1":1,"6":1,"99":1,"a":5,"about":1,"abuse":12,"abuser":1,"abusive":2,"access":3,"account":1,"accounts":1,"addressed":1,"after":1,"an":3,"and":9,"are":1,"as":2,"away":1,"bank":1,"based":2,"because":1,"built":1,"but":1,"buy":1,"by":4,"called":1,"can":1,"cases":1,"centred":1,"charity":1,"cite":1,"coerced":1,"coercive":2,"concept":1,"content":1,"control":3,"controlling":1,"core":1,"counter":1,"credit":1,"current":1,"daily":1,"damage":1,"debt":2,"document":1,"domestic":2,"economic":7,"education":1,"employment":2,"enabled":2,"end":1,"ends":1,"escape":1,"essentials":1,"estimated":1,"estimates":1,"ex":1,"experienced":1,"financial":5,"for":1,"form":1,"former":1,"frequently":1,"gaps":1,"gender":2,"has":1,"help":1,"housing":1,"https":2,"impossible":1,"in":8,"includes":1,"income":1,"increasingly":1,"independence":1,"insecurity":1,"instance":1,"intersects":1,"is":5,"it":5,"kit":2,"leaving":1,"life":1,"limit":1,"logins":1,"long":1,"makes":1,"making":1,"material":1,"means":1,"modern":1,"money":2,"much":1,"my":2,"name":1,"national":1,"nearly":1,"network":1,"nnedv":1,"occurs":1,"of":8,"often":1,"or":4,"order":1,"org":2,"partner":4,"persists":1,"pervasive":1,"phones":1,"poorly":1,"practically":1,"primary":1,"public":1,"reason":1,"recognised":1,"related":1,"relationship":2,"relationships":1,"reports":1,"resources":2,"restricting":1,"returning":1,"roughly":1,"ruined":1,"running":1,"runs":1,"s":3,"sabotaging":1,"safety":2,"shared":1,"so":1,"sources":1,"staying":1,"stripping":1,"subtype":1,"such":1,"surviving":1,"survivingeconomicabuse":1,"survivor":1,"survivors":2,"tactic":1,"tags":1,"tech":2,"technology":1,"that":2,"the":10,"their":1,"them":1,"things":1,"this":1,"through":1,"to":7,"transport":1,"trap":1,"uk":1,"under":1,"understood":1,"universal":1,"up":1,"us":1,"vault":1,"victim":2,"violence":5,"what":1,"widely":1,"with":2,"women":1,"yet":1}},{"dl":282,"n":"evidence-documentation","s":"concepts/evidence-documentation","secs":[{"h":"Evidence Documentation","l":1,"t":"**Evidence documentation** is the practice of recording incidents of abuse — dates, times, locations, injuries, messages, photographs — in a form that can later support a protective order, a criminal case, or a survivor's own sense of what happened. Advocates note that contemporaneous records carry weight precisely because memory and isolation are eroded by abuse. Purpose-built tools such as VictimsVoice illustrate the genre: a password-protected progressive web app (deliberately not an installable icon, so an abuser sees no \"receipt\" on the phone) that prompts for the structured details courts expect, and that markets compliance with HIPAA, VAWA, VOCA and FVPSA. Where evidence is meant for legal use, questions of authentication and chain of custody — proving a record is what it claims to be and was not altered — become central. This documentation directly supports [[Reporting and Disclosure]] and is the feature most associated with [[Reporting Apps]]. But it sits in sharp tension with [[Privacy and Safety]]: a database of abuse evidence on a survivor's device is exactly what makes it dangerous if discovered, which is why [[Discreet Access]] and disguised storage are recurring design responses to [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]. The [[Datafication of MeToo]] critique adds a further caution — that \"building evidence\" is also building data capital, and that the narratives such tools render legible are shaped by the institutions, not only the survivors, they serve."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- implemented_by::[[Reporting Apps]] - supports::[[Reporting and Disclosure]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]] - examined_in::[[Datafication of MeToo]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":13,"t":"- <https://www.domesticshelters.org/articles/heroes/documenting-domestic-violence-evidence> - <https://online.champlain.edu/blog/chain-custody-digital-forensics> - <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211055898> **Tags:** #concept #evidence #documentation"}],"tf":{"10":1,"1177":1,"20539517211055898":1,"a":9,"abuse":4,"abuser":1,"access":1,"adds":1,"advocates":1,"also":1,"altered":1,"an":2,"and":12,"app":1,"apps":2,"are":3,"articles":1,"as":1,"associated":1,"authentication":1,"be":1,"because":1,"become":1,"blog":1,"building":2,"built":1,"but":1,"by":3,"can":1,"capital":1,"carry":1,"case":1,"caution":1,"central":1,"chain":2,"champlain":1,"claims":1,"com":1,"compliance":1,"concept":1,"contemporaneous":1,"courts":1,"criminal":1,"critique":1,"custody":2,"dangerous":1,"data":1,"database":1,"datafication":2,"dates":1,"deliberately":1,"design":1,"details":1,"device":1,"digital":1,"directly":1,"disclosure":2,"discovered":1,"discreet":1,"disguised":1,"documentation":4,"documenting":1,"doi":1,"domestic":1,"domesticshelters":1,"edu":1,"enabled":1,"eroded":1,"evidence":7,"exactly":1,"examined":1,"expect":1,"feature":1,"for":2,"forensics":1,"form":1,"full":1,"further":1,"fvpsa":1,"genre":1,"happened":1,"heroes":1,"hipaa":1,"https":3,"icon":1,"if":1,"illustrate":1,"implemented":1,"in":4,"incidents":1,"injuries":1,"installable":1,"institutions":1,"is":7,"isolation":1,"it":3,"journals":1,"later":1,"legal":1,"legible":1,"locations":1,"makes":1,"markets":1,"meant":1,"memory":1,"messages":1,"metoo":2,"most":1,"narratives":1,"no":1,"not":3,"note":1,"of":8,"on":2,"online":1,"only":1,"or":1,"order":1,"org":1,"own":1,"password":1,"phone":1,"photographs":1,"practice":1,"precisely":1,"privacy":2,"progressive":1,"prompts":1,"protected":1,"protective":1,"proving":1,"purpose":1,"questions":1,"receipt":1,"record":1,"recording":1,"records":1,"recurring":1,"render":1,"reporting":4,"responses":1,"s":2,"safety":2,"sagepub":1,"sees":1,"sense":1,"serve":1,"shaped":1,"sharp":1,"sits":1,"so":1,"sources":1,"storage":1,"structured":1,"such":2,"support":1,"supports":2,"survivor":2,"survivors":1,"tags":1,"tech":1,"tension":2,"that":6,"the":9,"they":1,"this":2,"times":1,"to":2,"tools":2,"use":1,"vault":1,"vawa":1,"victimsvoice":1,"violence":1,"voca":1,"was":1,"web":1,"weight":1,"what":3,"where":1,"which":1,"why":1,"with":4,"www":1}},{"dl":270,"n":"feminist-hci","s":"concepts/feminist-hci","secs":[{"h":"Feminist HCI","l":1,"t":"**Feminist HCI** is the subfield of human-computer interaction that brings feminist theory, critical theory, and standpoint epistemology to bear on how interactive systems are conceived, built, and evaluated. Its founding statement is Shaowen Bardzell's 2010 CHI paper *Feminist HCI: Taking Stock and Outlining an Agenda for Design*, which offered both contribution criteria (theory, methodology, user research, evaluation) and a \"constellation\" of feminist interaction design qualities — pluralism, participation, advocacy, ecology, embodiment, and self-disclosure — meant to guide and assess design as it unfolds. The agenda extends to questions usually left implicit in HCI: scientific objectivity, whose values get encoded, how data is collected and interpreted, designer reflexivity, and the unintended consequences of the systems we ship. The lineage runs forward into Sasha Costanza-Chock's *Design Justice* (2020), which frames design as operating within a \"matrix of domination\" and argues for processes led by, not merely consulted with, marginalised communities — showing, for example, how normative design erases trans and disabled users. For anti-violence technology, feminist HCI supplies the theoretical backbone of [[Trauma-Informed Design]] and [[Survivor-Centered Design]]: it names power, insists on participation, and treats embodiment and lived experience as design knowledge. It also grounds critique of [[Techno-Solutionism]] and of safety tools that ignore how systems are situated in real relationships of [[Gender-Based Violence]] and [[Coercive Control]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- informs::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - related_to::[[Survivor-Centered Design]] - critiqued_by::[[Techno-Solutionism]] - centres::[[Gender-Based Violence]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://des4div.library.northeastern.edu/bardzell-feministhci/ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_HCI - https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262043458/design-justice/ **Tags:** #concept #theory #hci"}],"tf":{"2010":1,"2020":1,"9780262043458":1,"a":2,"advocacy":1,"agenda":2,"also":1,"an":1,"and":15,"anti":1,"are":2,"argues":1,"as":3,"assess":1,"backbone":1,"bardzell":2,"based":2,"bear":1,"both":1,"brings":1,"built":1,"by":2,"centered":2,"centres":1,"chi":1,"chock":1,"coercive":1,"collected":1,"communities":1,"computer":1,"conceived":1,"concept":1,"consequences":1,"constellation":1,"consulted":1,"contribution":1,"control":1,"costanza":1,"criteria":1,"critical":1,"critique":1,"critiqued":1,"data":1,"des4div":1,"design":12,"designer":1,"disabled":1,"disclosure":1,"domination":1,"ecology":1,"edu":2,"embodiment":2,"en":1,"encoded":1,"epistemology":1,"erases":1,"evaluated":1,"evaluation":1,"example":1,"experience":1,"extends":1,"feminist":7,"feministhci":1,"for":4,"forward":1,"founding":1,"frames":1,"gender":2,"get":1,"grounds":1,"guide":1,"hci":7,"how":4,"https":3,"human":1,"ignore":1,"implicit":1,"in":3,"informed":2,"informs":1,"insists":1,"interaction":2,"interactive":1,"interpreted":1,"into":1,"is":3,"it":3,"its":1,"justice":2,"knowledge":1,"led":1,"left":1,"library":1,"lineage":1,"lived":1,"marginalised":1,"matrix":1,"meant":1,"merely":1,"methodology":1,"mit":1,"mitpress":1,"names":1,"normative":1,"northeastern":1,"not":1,"objectivity":1,"of":8,"offered":1,"on":2,"operating":1,"org":1,"outlining":1,"paper":1,"participation":2,"pluralism":1,"power":1,"processes":1,"qualities":1,"questions":1,"real":1,"reflexivity":1,"related":1,"relationships":1,"research":1,"runs":1,"s":2,"safety":1,"sasha":1,"scientific":1,"self":1,"shaowen":1,"ship":1,"showing":1,"situated":1,"solutionism":2,"sources":1,"standpoint":1,"statement":1,"stock":1,"subfield":1,"supplies":1,"survivor":2,"systems":3,"tags":1,"taking":1,"techno":2,"technology":1,"that":2,"the":6,"theoretical":1,"theory":4,"this":1,"to":4,"tools":1,"trans":1,"trauma":2,"treats":1,"unfolds":1,"unintended":1,"user":1,"users":1,"usually":1,"values":1,"vault":1,"violence":3,"we":1,"which":2,"whose":1,"wiki":1,"wikipedia":1,"with":1,"within":1}},{"dl":149,"n":"four-domains-of-power","s":"concepts/four-domains-of-power","secs":[{"h":"Four Domains of Power","l":1,"t":"The **four domains of power** come from Patricia Hill Collins' *Black Feminist Thought*, describing how oppression is organised and managed at four social levels: 1. **Structural** — large institutions and economic imbalance (laws, education, funding for shelters and women's health). 2. **Disciplinary** — organisational practice and bureaucracy (e.g. a justice system where only ~1.3% of UK rape cases charged; \"hierarchies of victimhood\"). 3. **Hegemonic** — norms, culture and ideology that legitimise patriarchal oppression (shaming, \"honour,\" victim-blaming). 4. **Interpersonal** — direct, visible, day-to-day harm, including both stranger harassment and [[Intimate Partner Violence]]. [[The Safest Woman Alive]] adapts the framework to show that most [[Personal Safety Apps]] and safety wearables address only the *interpersonal* domain, leaving the structural, disciplinary and hegemonic drivers of [[Gender-Based Violence]] untouched — and argues HCI should design across all four."},{"h":"In this vault","l":12,"t":"- analyses::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - counters::[[Techno-Solutionism]]"}],"tf":{"1":2,"2":1,"3":2,"4":1,"a":1,"across":1,"adapts":1,"address":1,"alive":1,"all":1,"analyses":1,"and":9,"apps":1,"argues":1,"at":1,"based":2,"black":1,"blaming":1,"both":1,"bureaucracy":1,"cases":1,"charged":1,"collins":1,"come":1,"counters":1,"culture":1,"day":2,"describing":1,"design":1,"direct":1,"disciplinary":2,"domain":1,"domains":2,"drivers":1,"e":1,"economic":1,"education":1,"feminist":1,"for":1,"four":4,"framework":1,"from":1,"funding":1,"g":1,"gender":2,"harassment":1,"harm":1,"hci":1,"health":1,"hegemonic":2,"hierarchies":1,"hill":1,"honour":1,"how":1,"ideology":1,"imbalance":1,"in":1,"including":1,"institutions":1,"interpersonal":2,"intimate":1,"is":1,"justice":1,"large":1,"laws":1,"leaving":1,"legitimise":1,"levels":1,"managed":1,"most":1,"norms":1,"of":5,"only":2,"oppression":2,"organisational":1,"organised":1,"partner":1,"patriarchal":1,"patricia":1,"personal":1,"power":2,"practice":1,"rape":1,"s":1,"safest":1,"safety":2,"shaming":1,"shelters":1,"should":1,"show":1,"social":1,"solutionism":1,"stranger":1,"structural":2,"system":1,"techno":1,"that":2,"the":5,"this":1,"thought":1,"to":2,"uk":1,"untouched":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"victimhood":1,"violence":3,"visible":1,"wearables":1,"where":1,"woman":1,"women":1}},{"dl":75,"n":"gender-based-violence","s":"concepts/gender-based-violence","secs":[{"h":"Gender-Based Violence","l":1,"t":"**Gender-based violence (GBV)** is violence directed at a person because of their gender, or that affects one gender disproportionately. It is the umbrella over [[Domestic Violence]], [[Intimate Partner Violence]], [[Sexual Violence]], [[Stalking]] and [[Coercive Control]] — the harms the tools and resources in this vault aim to prevent, interrupt, document or respond to."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- includes::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - includes::[[Sexual Violence]] - includes::[[Coercive Control]] - includes::[[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]]"}],"tf":{"a":1,"affects":1,"aim":1,"and":3,"at":1,"based":2,"because":1,"coercive":2,"control":2,"directed":1,"disproportionately":1,"document":1,"domestic":2,"family":1,"gbv":1,"gender":4,"harms":1,"in":2,"includes":4,"interrupt":1,"intimate":2,"is":2,"it":1,"of":1,"one":1,"or":2,"over":1,"partner":2,"person":1,"prevent":1,"resources":1,"respond":1,"sexual":2,"sexualised":1,"stalking":1,"that":1,"the":3,"their":1,"this":2,"to":2,"tools":1,"umbrella":1,"vault":2,"violence":9}},{"dl":251,"n":"intimate-partner-violence","s":"concepts/intimate-partner-violence","secs":[{"h":"Intimate Partner Violence","l":1,"t":"**Intimate partner violence (IPV)** is defined by the WHO as behaviour by an intimate partner or ex-partner that causes physical, sexual or psychological harm — including physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviours. It is the most common form of [[Domestic Violence]] and is best understood not as isolated assaults but as an ongoing pattern of domination; the surveillance, isolation and monitoring of [[Coercive Control]] are often the core of the abuse rather than incidental to it. This is also why [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] is so potent in IPV: an abuser with shared accounts, devices and location data has ready-made tools for control. IPV is strikingly prevalent. WHO estimates that about 25.8% of ever-partnered women aged 15–49 have experienced physical and/or sexual IPV at least once in their lifetime, making it the most widespread form of [[Gender-Based Violence]] against women. The Lancet's 2018 global analysis similarly found roughly one in four ever-partnered women affected over their lifetime, with around 13% reporting partner violence in the past year. IPV is also a leading context for femicide: a large share of women killed worldwide die at the hands of an intimate partner."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - related_to::[[Coercive Control]] - related_to::[[Domestic Violence]] - manifests_in::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women - https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(21)02664-7/fulltext **Tags:** #concept #violence"}],"tf":{"02664":1,"13":1,"15":1,"2018":1,"21":1,"25":1,"49":1,"6736":1,"7":1,"8":1,"a":2,"about":1,"abuse":4,"abuser":1,"accounts":1,"affected":1,"against":2,"aged":1,"aggression":1,"also":2,"an":4,"analysis":1,"and":5,"are":1,"around":1,"article":1,"as":3,"assaults":1,"at":2,"based":2,"behaviour":1,"behaviours":1,"best":1,"but":1,"by":2,"causes":1,"coercion":1,"coercive":2,"com":1,"common":1,"concept":1,"context":1,"control":3,"controlling":1,"core":1,"data":1,"defined":1,"detail":1,"devices":1,"die":1,"domestic":2,"domination":1,"enabled":2,"estimates":1,"ever":2,"ex":1,"experienced":1,"fact":1,"femicide":1,"for":2,"form":2,"found":1,"four":1,"fulltext":1,"gender":2,"global":1,"hands":1,"harm":1,"has":1,"have":1,"https":2,"in":6,"incidental":1,"including":1,"int":1,"intimate":4,"ipv":5,"is":7,"isolated":1,"isolation":1,"it":3,"killed":1,"lancet":1,"large":1,"leading":1,"least":1,"lifetime":2,"location":1,"made":1,"making":1,"manifests":1,"monitoring":1,"most":2,"news":1,"not":1,"of":9,"often":1,"once":1,"one":1,"ongoing":1,"or":3,"over":1,"partner":6,"partnered":2,"past":1,"pattern":1,"physical":3,"potent":1,"prevalent":1,"psychological":2,"rather":1,"ready":1,"related":2,"reporting":1,"room":1,"roughly":1,"s":1,"s0140":1,"sexual":3,"share":1,"shared":1,"sheets":1,"similarly":1,"so":1,"sources":1,"strikingly":1,"subtype":1,"surveillance":1,"tags":1,"tech":2,"than":1,"that":2,"the":9,"their":2,"thelancet":1,"this":2,"to":3,"tools":1,"understood":1,"vault":1,"violence":9,"who":3,"why":1,"widespread":1,"with":2,"women":5,"worldwide":1,"www":2,"year":1}},{"dl":103,"n":"location-sharing","s":"concepts/location-sharing","secs":[{"h":"Location Sharing","l":1,"t":"**Location sharing** transmits a user's real-time or on-demand GPS position to chosen recipients — the feature that lets a [[Panic Button]] mean \"come and get me, here.\" It is one of the most protective capabilities in safety tech and one of the most dangerous: the same mechanism, in the hands of an abuser, becomes [[Location Tracking Abuse]]. Privacy-focused tools such as [[Circulo|Círculo]] respond by encrypting location and sending it only to a [[Trusted Network]], never tracking or exposing it."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - inverts_to::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"}],"tf":{"a":3,"abuse":2,"abuser":1,"an":1,"and":4,"apps":1,"as":1,"becomes":1,"button":1,"by":1,"capabilities":1,"chosen":1,"circulo":1,"come":1,"círculo":1,"dangerous":1,"demand":1,"encrypting":1,"exposing":1,"feature":1,"focused":1,"get":1,"gps":1,"hands":1,"here":1,"in":3,"inverts":1,"is":1,"it":3,"lets":1,"location":5,"me":1,"mean":1,"mechanism":1,"most":2,"network":1,"never":1,"of":4,"on":1,"one":2,"only":1,"or":2,"panic":1,"part":1,"personal":1,"position":1,"privacy":2,"protective":1,"real":1,"recipients":1,"respond":1,"s":1,"safety":3,"same":1,"sending":1,"sharing":2,"such":1,"tech":1,"tension":1,"that":1,"the":5,"this":1,"time":1,"to":3,"tools":1,"tracking":3,"transmits":1,"trusted":1,"user":1,"vault":1,"with":1}},{"dl":279,"n":"location-tracking-abuse","s":"concepts/location-tracking-abuse","secs":[{"h":"Location Tracking Abuse","l":1,"t":"**Location tracking abuse** is the covert or coercive use of a person's geolocation against them — through GPS apps, \"find my\" services, shared family-plan settings, vehicle telematics in smart cars, or cheap Bluetooth trackers slipped into a bag or car. It is the dark inversion of [[Location Sharing]]: the very mechanism that lets a [[Panic Button]] say \"come and get me, here\" becomes, in an abuser's hands, a way to know where a [[Victim-Survivor]] is at all times. NNEDV's Safety Net Project warns that in some tragic cases GPS devices and apps have aided an offender in locating a victim to commit murder, or were enabled without the victim's knowledge. It is a core tactic of [[Coercive Control]] and a primary engine of [[Stalking]]. The tracking can be installed directly via [[Stalkerware]], surfaced through accounts the abuser still controls, or carried out with commodity hardware never designed for surveillance — a problem severe enough that Bluetooth trackers like AirTags prompted dedicated anti-stalking detection features and Congressional attention. Because removing a tracker can signal to an abuser that they have \"lost control\" and trigger escalation, technology safety planning treats discovery and removal as something to do carefully with an advocate, not impulsively. This is why location features in [[Personal Safety Apps]] such as [[Circulo|Círculo]] encrypt position data and send it only to a [[Trusted Network]], rather than logging or exposing it."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- instance_of::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] - inverts::[[Location Sharing]] - used_in::[[Stalking]] - enables::[[Coercive Control]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- <https://nnedv.org/content/technology-safety/> - <https://www.techsafety.org/resources-survivors/technology-safety-plan> - <https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R47035>"}],"tf":{"a":11,"abuse":3,"abuser":3,"accounts":1,"advocate":1,"against":1,"aided":1,"airtags":1,"all":1,"an":4,"and":7,"anti":1,"apps":3,"as":2,"at":1,"attention":1,"bag":1,"be":1,"because":1,"becomes":1,"bluetooth":2,"button":1,"can":2,"car":1,"carefully":1,"carried":1,"cars":1,"cases":1,"cheap":1,"circulo":1,"coercive":3,"come":1,"commit":1,"commodity":1,"congress":1,"congressional":1,"content":1,"control":3,"controls":1,"core":1,"covert":1,"crs":1,"círculo":1,"dark":1,"data":1,"dedicated":1,"designed":1,"detection":1,"devices":1,"directly":1,"discovery":1,"do":1,"enabled":2,"enables":1,"encrypt":1,"engine":1,"enough":1,"escalation":1,"exposing":1,"family":1,"features":2,"find":1,"for":1,"geolocation":1,"get":1,"gov":1,"gps":2,"hands":1,"hardware":1,"have":2,"here":1,"https":3,"impulsively":1,"in":7,"installed":1,"instance":1,"into":1,"inversion":1,"inverts":1,"is":5,"it":4,"know":1,"knowledge":1,"lets":1,"like":1,"locating":1,"location":5,"logging":1,"lost":1,"me":1,"mechanism":1,"murder":1,"my":1,"net":1,"network":1,"never":1,"nnedv":2,"not":1,"of":5,"offender":1,"only":1,"or":6,"org":2,"out":1,"panic":1,"person":1,"personal":1,"plan":2,"planning":1,"position":1,"primary":1,"problem":1,"product":1,"project":1,"prompted":1,"r47035":1,"rather":1,"removal":1,"removing":1,"resources":1,"s":4,"safety":5,"say":1,"send":1,"services":1,"settings":1,"severe":1,"shared":1,"sharing":2,"signal":1,"slipped":1,"smart":1,"some":1,"something":1,"sources":1,"stalkerware":1,"stalking":3,"still":1,"such":1,"surfaced":1,"surveillance":1,"survivor":1,"survivors":1,"tactic":1,"tech":1,"technology":3,"techsafety":1,"telematics":1,"than":1,"that":4,"the":6,"them":1,"they":1,"this":2,"through":2,"times":1,"to":5,"tracker":1,"trackers":2,"tracking":3,"tragic":1,"treats":1,"trigger":1,"trusted":1,"use":1,"used":1,"vault":1,"vehicle":1,"very":1,"via":1,"victim":3,"warns":1,"way":1,"were":1,"where":1,"why":1,"with":2,"without":1,"www":2}},{"dl":84,"n":"panic-button","s":"concepts/panic-button","secs":[{"h":"Panic Button","l":1,"t":"A **panic button** (or SOS trigger) is the central primitive of most [[Personal Safety Apps]]: a single fast action — a screen tap, a hardware-button sequence, a voice command, or a wearable press — that raises an alarm and usually shares the user's whereabouts with a [[Trusted Network]] or emergency dispatch. Design tensions include speed versus accidental triggering, and visibility versus the need for [[Discreet Access|discreet]] activation under threat."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - paired_with::[[Location Sharing]]"}],"tf":{"a":7,"access":1,"accidental":1,"action":1,"activation":1,"alarm":1,"an":1,"and":2,"apps":2,"button":3,"central":1,"command":1,"design":1,"discreet":2,"dispatch":1,"emergency":1,"fast":1,"for":1,"hardware":1,"in":1,"include":1,"is":1,"location":1,"most":1,"need":1,"network":1,"of":2,"or":3,"paired":1,"panic":2,"part":1,"personal":2,"press":1,"primitive":1,"raises":1,"s":1,"safety":2,"screen":1,"sequence":1,"shares":1,"sharing":1,"single":1,"sos":1,"speed":1,"tap":1,"tensions":1,"that":1,"the":3,"this":1,"threat":1,"trigger":1,"triggering":1,"trusted":1,"under":1,"user":1,"usually":1,"vault":1,"versus":2,"visibility":1,"voice":1,"wearable":1,"whereabouts":1,"with":2}},{"dl":136,"n":"personal-safety-apps","s":"concepts/personal-safety-apps","secs":[{"h":"Personal Safety Apps","l":1,"t":"**Personal safety apps** are mobile applications that help a user summon help, share their whereabouts, or deter harm. Most combine a [[Panic Button]], [[Location Sharing]], and a [[Trusted Network]], and many connect to [[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]]. They span two broad postures: *alarm-and-summon* tools aimed at acute danger, and *network-and-intervene* tools rooted in [[Bystander Intervention]] that aim to prevent harm before it escalates. The central design tension is [[Privacy and Safety]]: the same capabilities that protect (continuous location, contact lists, always-on microphones) can be turned against a user — see [[Location Tracking Abuse]] and [[Stalkerware]] — so survivor-facing tools must be weighed with [[Trauma-Informed Design]] in mind."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- addresses::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - related_to::[[Bystander Intervention]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]] > Member apps assert `instance_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]]`; see backlinks."}],"tf":{"a":4,"abuse":1,"acute":1,"addresses":1,"against":1,"aim":1,"aimed":1,"alarm":1,"always":1,"and":9,"applications":1,"apps":3,"are":1,"assert":1,"at":1,"backlinks":1,"based":1,"be":2,"before":1,"broad":1,"button":1,"bystander":2,"can":1,"capabilities":1,"central":1,"combine":1,"connect":1,"contact":1,"continuous":1,"crisis":1,"danger":1,"design":2,"deter":1,"escalates":1,"facing":1,"gender":1,"harm":2,"help":2,"hotlines":1,"in":3,"informed":1,"intervene":1,"intervention":2,"is":1,"it":1,"lists":1,"location":3,"many":1,"member":1,"microphones":1,"mind":1,"mobile":1,"most":1,"must":1,"network":2,"on":1,"or":1,"panic":1,"personal":2,"postures":1,"prevent":1,"privacy":2,"protect":1,"related":1,"resources":1,"rooted":1,"safety":4,"same":1,"see":2,"share":1,"sharing":1,"so":1,"span":1,"stalkerware":1,"summon":2,"survivor":1,"tension":2,"that":3,"the":2,"their":1,"they":1,"this":1,"to":3,"tools":3,"tracking":1,"trauma":1,"trusted":1,"turned":1,"two":1,"user":2,"vault":1,"violence":1,"weighed":1,"whereabouts":1,"with":2}},{"dl":285,"n":"privacy-and-safety","s":"concepts/privacy-and-safety","secs":[{"h":"Privacy and Safety","l":1,"t":"**Privacy and safety** are often treated as the same goal in anti-violence technology, but for a [[Victim-Survivor]] they pull in opposite directions and must be balanced deliberately. The data that makes a safety tool useful — real-time [[Location Sharing]], cloud backups, message logs kept as [[Evidence Documentation]] — is exactly the data an abuser will try to reach if they retain access to a device, account, or family plan. NNEDV's Safety Net Project frames technology safety as protecting \"safety, privacy, accessibility, and civil rights\" together, and stresses that the burden should fall on holding perpetrators accountable, not solely on survivors restricting themselves. Yet practical safety planning still requires hard privacy choices: which device is trustworthy, which accounts are compromised, and what should never be stored where an abuser can find it. This is why every [[Personal Safety Apps|safety app]] sits in tension here. A design that collects rich location history to \"build evidence\" also builds a honeypot that [[Stalkerware]] or a coercive partner can exploit, and the [[Datafication of MeToo]] critique shows how such collection can become extraction rather than protection. Privacy-protective alternatives respond with data minimisation, on-device storage, encryption, and [[Discreet Access]], and safety guidance cautions that even removing monitoring can escalate danger if an abuser feels they've \"lost control.\" Getting this balance right is the central problem of [[Survivor-Centered Design]] and [[Trauma-Informed Design]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- tension_with::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - threatened_by::[[Stalkerware]] - related_to::[[Discreet Access]] - related_to::[[Survivor-Centered Design]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- <https://www.techsafety.org/resources-survivors/technology-safety-plan> - <https://nnedv.org/content/technology-safety/> - <https://stopstalkerware.org/2024/12/12/understanding-technology-enabled-abuse-in-modern-relationships/>"}],"tf":{"12":2,"2024":1,"a":6,"abuse":1,"abuser":3,"access":3,"accessibility":1,"account":1,"accountable":1,"accounts":1,"also":1,"alternatives":1,"an":3,"and":10,"anti":1,"app":1,"apps":2,"are":2,"as":3,"backups":1,"balance":1,"balanced":1,"be":2,"become":1,"build":1,"builds":1,"burden":1,"but":1,"by":1,"can":4,"cautions":1,"centered":2,"central":1,"choices":1,"civil":1,"cloud":1,"coercive":1,"collection":1,"collects":1,"compromised":1,"content":1,"control":1,"critique":1,"danger":1,"data":3,"datafication":1,"deliberately":1,"design":4,"device":3,"directions":1,"discreet":2,"documentation":1,"enabled":1,"encryption":1,"escalate":1,"even":1,"every":1,"evidence":2,"exactly":1,"exploit":1,"extraction":1,"fall":1,"family":1,"feels":1,"find":1,"for":1,"frames":1,"getting":1,"goal":1,"guidance":1,"hard":1,"here":1,"history":1,"holding":1,"honeypot":1,"how":1,"https":3,"if":2,"in":5,"informed":1,"is":4,"it":1,"kept":1,"location":2,"logs":1,"lost":1,"makes":1,"message":1,"metoo":1,"minimisation":1,"modern":1,"monitoring":1,"must":1,"net":1,"never":1,"nnedv":2,"not":1,"of":2,"often":1,"on":3,"opposite":1,"or":2,"org":3,"partner":1,"perpetrators":1,"personal":2,"plan":2,"planning":1,"practical":1,"privacy":5,"problem":1,"project":1,"protecting":1,"protection":1,"protective":1,"pull":1,"rather":1,"reach":1,"real":1,"related":2,"relationships":1,"removing":1,"requires":1,"resources":1,"respond":1,"restricting":1,"retain":1,"rich":1,"right":1,"rights":1,"s":1,"safety":13,"same":1,"sharing":1,"should":2,"shows":1,"sits":1,"solely":1,"sources":1,"stalkerware":2,"still":1,"stopstalkerware":1,"storage":1,"stored":1,"stresses":1,"such":1,"survivor":3,"survivors":2,"technology":5,"techsafety":1,"tension":2,"than":1,"that":5,"the":6,"themselves":1,"they":3,"this":3,"threatened":1,"time":1,"to":5,"together":1,"tool":1,"trauma":1,"treated":1,"trustworthy":1,"try":1,"understanding":1,"useful":1,"vault":1,"ve":1,"victim":1,"violence":1,"what":1,"where":1,"which":2,"why":1,"will":1,"with":2,"www":1,"yet":1}},{"dl":254,"n":"racial-capitalism","s":"concepts/racial-capitalism","secs":[{"h":"Racial Capitalism","l":1,"t":"**Racial capitalism** is the argument, developed by Cedric J. Robinson in *Black Marxism* (1983), that capitalism did not negate the racialism of the feudal European order but grew within it, so that capital accumulation continually generates and reproduces racial hierarchies. Robinson took the phrase from analysts of apartheid South Africa and generalised it: race and class are inextricable, and \"racial capitalism\" names modern capitalism as such, not a special variant of it. Robin D. G. Kelley's gloss is that capitalism was \"racial capitalism\" from the beginning — its tendency was always to differentiate and exploit through racial regimes, not to homogenise. In this vault the concept supplies the critical lens for reading anti-violence technology against the grain. Henne, Shelby and Harb's study of [[Reporting Apps]] argues that these tools reproduce racial capitalism: they extract data from users, build property relations on data ownership and accumulation, commodify \"diversity and inclusion,\" and sustain ties to the [[Criminal Legal System]] that carry racialised risks. The lesson is that the seemingly neutral act of \"building evidence\" or \"collecting data\" is never neutral — it shapes whose stories become legible and who profits. This frames [[Techno-Solutionism]] as not merely naive but materially interested."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- examined_in::[[Datafication of MeToo]] - related_to::[[Criminal Legal System]] - tension_with::[[Techno-Solutionism]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":12,"t":"- <https://www.bostonreview.net/articles/robin-d-g-kelley-introduction-race-capitalism-justice/> - <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Marxism> - <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211055898> **Tags:** #concept #racial-capitalism #critical"}],"tf":{"10":1,"1177":1,"1983":1,"20539517211055898":1,"a":1,"accumulation":2,"act":1,"africa":1,"against":1,"always":1,"analysts":1,"and":10,"anti":1,"apartheid":1,"apps":1,"are":1,"argues":1,"argument":1,"articles":1,"as":2,"become":1,"beginning":1,"black":2,"bostonreview":1,"build":1,"building":1,"but":2,"by":1,"capital":1,"capitalism":10,"carry":1,"cedric":1,"class":1,"collecting":1,"com":1,"commodify":1,"concept":2,"continually":1,"criminal":2,"critical":2,"d":2,"data":3,"datafication":1,"developed":1,"did":1,"differentiate":1,"diversity":1,"doi":1,"en":1,"european":1,"evidence":1,"examined":1,"exploit":1,"extract":1,"feudal":1,"for":1,"frames":1,"from":3,"full":1,"g":2,"generalised":1,"generates":1,"gloss":1,"grain":1,"grew":1,"harb":1,"henne":1,"hierarchies":1,"homogenise":1,"https":3,"in":4,"inclusion":1,"inextricable":1,"interested":1,"introduction":1,"is":4,"it":4,"its":1,"j":1,"journals":1,"justice":1,"kelley":2,"legal":2,"legible":1,"lens":1,"lesson":1,"marxism":2,"materially":1,"merely":1,"metoo":1,"modern":1,"naive":1,"names":1,"negate":1,"net":1,"neutral":2,"never":1,"not":4,"of":6,"on":1,"or":1,"order":1,"org":1,"ownership":1,"phrase":1,"profits":1,"property":1,"race":2,"racial":8,"racialised":1,"racialism":1,"reading":1,"regimes":1,"related":1,"relations":1,"reporting":1,"reproduce":1,"reproduces":1,"risks":1,"robin":2,"robinson":2,"s":2,"sagepub":1,"seemingly":1,"shapes":1,"shelby":1,"so":1,"solutionism":2,"sources":1,"south":1,"special":1,"stories":1,"study":1,"such":1,"supplies":1,"sustain":1,"system":2,"tags":1,"techno":2,"technology":1,"tendency":1,"tension":1,"that":6,"the":11,"these":1,"they":1,"this":3,"through":1,"ties":1,"to":4,"took":1,"tools":1,"users":1,"variant":1,"vault":2,"violence":1,"was":2,"who":1,"whose":1,"wiki":1,"wikipedia":1,"with":1,"within":1,"www":1}},{"dl":273,"n":"reporting-and-disclosure","s":"concepts/reporting-and-disclosure","secs":[{"h":"Reporting and Disclosure","l":1,"t":"**Reporting and disclosure** covers the spectrum of ways a [[Victim-Survivor]] makes harm known — from confiding in a friend, to telling an advocate or hotline, to filing a formal complaint with police or an institution. These are not the same act, and the distance between them is wide: RAINN estimates that only about 310 of every 1,000 sexual assault survivors report to law enforcement, with rates lower still among college students. A systematic review of barriers (\"Silenced Survivors\") finds the obstacles are psychological, sociocultural, and systemic at once — shame, fear of disbelief, fear of prosecution, and distrust of institutions all suppress formal reporting. Disclosure is therefore better understood as a process than a single threshold event. Anti-violence technology intervenes at every point on this spectrum. Some tools lower the cost of an early, informal disclosure; [[Reporting Apps]] aim to convert disclosure into a record that the [[Criminal Legal System]] will accept, which links reporting tightly to [[Evidence Documentation]]. Crisis lines offer disclosure without any obligation to report onward, which is why their confidentiality guarantees matter so much. The design risk, foregrounded in the [[Datafication of MeToo]] critique, is that tools optimised for \"institutionally legible\" reporting can crowd out the survivor's own priorities and quietly funnel disclosures toward carceral outcomes."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- related_to::[[Evidence Documentation]] - involves::[[Criminal Legal System]] - related_to::[[Crisis Hotlines and Resources]] - supports::[[Victim-Survivor]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":13,"t":"- <https://rainn.org/facts-statistics-the-scope-of-the-problem/statistics-the-criminal-justice-system/> - <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545439/> - <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211055898> **Tags:** #concept #reporting #disclosure"}],"tf":{"000":1,"1":1,"10":1,"1177":1,"20539517211055898":1,"310":1,"a":7,"about":1,"accept":1,"act":1,"advocate":1,"aim":1,"all":1,"among":1,"an":3,"and":7,"anti":1,"any":1,"apps":1,"are":2,"articles":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"at":2,"barriers":1,"better":1,"between":1,"can":1,"carceral":1,"college":1,"com":1,"complaint":1,"concept":1,"confidentiality":1,"confiding":1,"convert":1,"cost":1,"covers":1,"criminal":3,"crisis":2,"critique":1,"crowd":1,"datafication":1,"design":1,"disbelief":1,"disclosure":7,"disclosures":1,"distance":1,"distrust":1,"documentation":2,"doi":1,"early":1,"enforcement":1,"estimates":1,"event":1,"every":2,"evidence":2,"facts":1,"fear":2,"filing":1,"finds":1,"for":1,"foregrounded":1,"formal":2,"friend":1,"from":1,"full":1,"funnel":1,"gov":1,"guarantees":1,"harm":1,"hotline":1,"hotlines":1,"https":3,"in":3,"informal":1,"institution":1,"institutionally":1,"institutions":1,"intervenes":1,"into":1,"involves":1,"is":4,"journals":1,"justice":1,"known":1,"law":1,"legal":2,"legible":1,"lines":1,"links":1,"lower":2,"makes":1,"matter":1,"metoo":1,"much":1,"ncbi":1,"nih":1,"nlm":1,"not":1,"obligation":1,"obstacles":1,"of":9,"offer":1,"on":1,"once":1,"only":1,"onward":1,"optimised":1,"or":2,"org":1,"out":1,"outcomes":1,"own":1,"pmc":1,"pmc11545439":1,"point":1,"police":1,"priorities":1,"problem":1,"process":1,"prosecution":1,"psychological":1,"quietly":1,"rainn":2,"rates":1,"record":1,"related":2,"report":2,"reporting":7,"resources":1,"review":1,"risk":1,"s":1,"sagepub":1,"same":1,"scope":1,"sexual":1,"shame":1,"silenced":1,"single":1,"so":1,"sociocultural":1,"some":1,"sources":1,"spectrum":2,"statistics":2,"still":1,"students":1,"supports":1,"suppress":1,"survivor":3,"survivors":2,"system":3,"systematic":1,"systemic":1,"tags":1,"technology":1,"telling":1,"than":1,"that":3,"the":12,"their":1,"them":1,"therefore":1,"these":1,"this":2,"threshold":1,"tightly":1,"to":8,"tools":2,"toward":1,"understood":1,"vault":1,"victim":2,"violence":1,"ways":1,"which":2,"why":1,"wide":1,"will":1,"with":2,"without":1,"www":1}},{"dl":104,"n":"reporting-apps","s":"concepts/reporting-apps","secs":[{"h":"Reporting Apps","l":1,"t":"**Reporting apps** are anti-violence tools whose primary purpose is not to summon help in the moment but to **document and report** incidents of [[Gender-Based Violence]] — building a record or evidence trail against a perpetrator, sometimes with AI chatbots for triage and education. They sit closer to the justice system than [[Personal Safety Apps]], which makes their handling of data especially consequential: see [[Datafication of MeToo]] for a critique of how the data they generate becomes capital and entangles users with the [[Criminal Legal System]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- related_to::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - implements::[[Evidence Documentation]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"}],"tf":{"a":3,"against":1,"ai":1,"and":4,"anti":1,"apps":4,"are":1,"based":1,"becomes":1,"building":1,"but":1,"capital":1,"chatbots":1,"closer":1,"consequential":1,"criminal":1,"critique":1,"data":2,"datafication":1,"document":1,"documentation":1,"education":1,"entangles":1,"especially":1,"evidence":2,"for":2,"gender":1,"generate":1,"handling":1,"help":1,"how":1,"implements":1,"in":2,"incidents":1,"is":1,"justice":1,"legal":1,"makes":1,"metoo":1,"moment":1,"not":1,"of":4,"or":1,"perpetrator":1,"personal":2,"primary":1,"privacy":1,"purpose":1,"record":1,"related":1,"report":1,"reporting":2,"safety":3,"see":1,"sit":1,"sometimes":1,"summon":1,"system":2,"tension":1,"than":1,"the":4,"their":1,"they":2,"this":1,"to":4,"tools":1,"trail":1,"triage":1,"users":1,"vault":1,"violence":2,"which":1,"whose":1,"with":3}},{"dl":306,"n":"risk-assessment","s":"concepts/risk-assessment","secs":[{"h":"Risk Assessment","l":1,"t":"**Risk assessment** in the [[Domestic Violence]] field is the structured attempt to estimate a victim's danger — especially of serious or lethal harm — so that advocates, police, and courts can prioritise resources. The best-known instruments emerged in 1990s North America. Jacquelyn Campbell's **Danger Assessment** was built specifically to predict intimate partner homicide, weighting factors such as escalating violence, threats with a weapon, strangulation, and an abuser's access to firearms. The **DASH** (Domestic Abuse, Stalking and Honour-based violence) checklist is used by UK police as a frontline screening tool, while the **ODARA** (Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Actuarial) predicts the likelihood and severity of future assault by a known male offender. These tools correlate with one another but measure different things — recidivism is not lethality, and ODARA's developers caution it was not built to predict homicide. The literature is candid about limits. Most validation has been done by the tools' own developers, on relatively small, mostly-white samples; a high-profile study (\"Dashing Hopes?\") found that police DASH judgements predicted future harm only weakly. For this vault the relevance is that risk assessment is increasingly embedded in [[Personal Safety Apps]] and [[AI Distress Detection]], where an actuarial logic gets automated and detached from the advocate's judgement it was meant to support. Done well it can centre a [[Victim-Survivor]]'s safety planning; done badly it lends a false numerical authority to decisions about [[Intimate Partner Violence]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- supports::[[Victim-Survivor]] - related_to::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - tension_with::[[AI Distress Detection]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":13,"t":"- <https://vawnet.org/sc/tools-strategies-assessing-danger-or-risk-lethality> - <https://academic.oup.com/bjc/article/59/5/1013/5518314> - <https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/fv-vf/rr12_8/a.html> **Tags:** #concept #risk-assessment #lethality"}],"tf":{"1013":1,"1990s":1,"5":1,"5518314":1,"59":1,"8":1,"a":8,"about":2,"abuse":1,"abuser":1,"academic":1,"access":1,"actuarial":2,"advocate":1,"advocates":1,"ai":2,"america":1,"an":2,"and":7,"another":1,"apps":2,"article":1,"as":2,"assault":2,"assessing":1,"assessment":5,"attempt":1,"authority":1,"automated":1,"badly":1,"based":1,"been":1,"best":1,"bjc":1,"built":2,"but":1,"by":3,"ca":1,"campbell":1,"can":2,"candid":1,"caution":1,"centre":1,"checklist":1,"cj":1,"com":1,"concept":1,"correlate":1,"courts":1,"danger":3,"dash":2,"dashing":1,"decisions":1,"detached":1,"detection":2,"developers":2,"different":1,"distress":2,"domestic":3,"done":3,"embedded":1,"emerged":1,"eng":1,"escalating":1,"especially":1,"estimate":1,"factors":1,"false":1,"field":1,"firearms":1,"for":1,"found":1,"from":1,"frontline":1,"future":2,"fv":1,"gc":1,"gets":1,"harm":2,"has":1,"high":1,"homicide":2,"honour":1,"hopes":1,"html":1,"https":3,"in":4,"increasingly":1,"instruments":1,"intimate":3,"is":6,"it":4,"jacquelyn":1,"jp":1,"judgement":1,"judgements":1,"justice":1,"known":2,"lends":1,"lethal":1,"lethality":3,"likelihood":1,"limits":1,"literature":1,"logic":1,"male":1,"meant":1,"measure":1,"most":1,"mostly":1,"north":1,"not":2,"numerical":1,"odara":2,"of":3,"offender":1,"on":1,"one":1,"only":1,"ontario":1,"or":2,"org":1,"oup":1,"own":1,"part":1,"partner":3,"personal":2,"planning":1,"police":3,"pr":1,"predict":2,"predicted":1,"predicts":1,"prioritise":1,"profile":1,"recidivism":1,"related":1,"relatively":1,"relevance":1,"resources":1,"risk":6,"rp":1,"rr12":1,"s":6,"safety":3,"samples":1,"sc":1,"screening":1,"serious":1,"severity":1,"small":1,"so":1,"sources":1,"specifically":1,"stalking":1,"strangulation":1,"strategies":1,"structured":1,"study":1,"such":1,"support":1,"supports":1,"survivor":2,"tags":1,"tension":1,"that":3,"the":10,"these":1,"things":1,"this":2,"threats":1,"to":7,"tool":1,"tools":3,"uk":1,"used":1,"validation":1,"vault":2,"vawnet":1,"vf":1,"victim":3,"violence":5,"was":3,"weakly":1,"weapon":1,"weighting":1,"well":1,"where":1,"while":1,"white":1,"with":3,"www":1}},{"dl":303,"n":"safety-wearables","s":"concepts/safety-wearables","secs":[{"h":"Safety Wearables","l":1,"t":"**Safety wearables** are pendants, bracelets, clips, and \"smart jewelry\" that put a discreet emergency trigger on the body rather than buried in a phone. invisaWear's charm, pressed twice, texts up to five emergency contacts a GPS location and can dial 911 directly; the Flare bracelet pairs to a phone, shares location, runs a check-in safety timer, and can fake an incoming phone call with a pre-recorded message to manufacture an exit; Wearsafe's tag streams location and audio to a contact network on a subscription model. Most are paired Bluetooth tags that lean on a companion app and so are essentially a hardware [[Panic Button]] for [[Personal Safety Apps]], typically backed by [[Location Sharing]] and a [[Trusted Network]]. The critiques are practical and political. False alarms are common enough that devices ship PIN-based \"mark me safe\" cancellation, and reviewers report that wearing one can manufacture anxiety where there was none — a felt cost rarely counted in marketing. Cost and subscription fees gate access, raising equity questions that connect to [[Racial Capitalism]] and to who can afford to buy safety as a product. Most fundamentally, the model places responsibility on the individual at risk rather than on perpetrators or institutions — a [[Techno-Solutionism]] pattern that projects like [[The Safest Woman Alive]] put under scrutiny — and the same location and audio capabilities that protect can be turned into [[Location Tracking Abuse]], so they must be weighed against [[Privacy and Safety]] and the realities of [[Coercive Control]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- related_to::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - implements::[[Panic Button]] - critiqued_by::[[The Safest Woman Alive]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://invisawear.com/ - https://gizmodo.com/wearing-this-ugly-smart-necklace-helped-me-deal-with-my-1834118959 - https://blog.squaretrade.com/high-tech-personal-safety-devices/ **Tags:** #concept #hardware #wearable"}],"tf":{"1834118959":1,"911":1,"a":14,"abuse":1,"access":1,"afford":1,"against":1,"alarms":1,"alive":2,"an":2,"and":15,"anxiety":1,"app":1,"apps":2,"are":5,"as":1,"at":1,"audio":2,"backed":1,"based":1,"be":2,"blog":1,"bluetooth":1,"body":1,"bracelet":1,"bracelets":1,"buried":1,"button":2,"buy":1,"by":2,"call":1,"can":5,"cancellation":1,"capabilities":1,"capitalism":1,"charm":1,"check":1,"clips":1,"coercive":1,"com":3,"common":1,"companion":1,"concept":1,"connect":1,"contact":1,"contacts":1,"control":1,"cost":2,"counted":1,"critiqued":1,"critiques":1,"deal":1,"devices":2,"dial":1,"directly":1,"discreet":1,"emergency":2,"enough":1,"equity":1,"essentially":1,"exit":1,"fake":1,"false":1,"fees":1,"felt":1,"five":1,"flare":1,"for":1,"fundamentally":1,"gate":1,"gizmodo":1,"gps":1,"hardware":2,"helped":1,"high":1,"https":3,"implements":1,"in":4,"incoming":1,"individual":1,"institutions":1,"into":1,"invisawear":2,"jewelry":1,"lean":1,"like":1,"location":6,"manufacture":2,"mark":1,"marketing":1,"me":2,"message":1,"model":2,"most":2,"must":1,"my":1,"necklace":1,"network":2,"none":1,"of":1,"on":5,"one":1,"or":1,"paired":1,"pairs":1,"panic":2,"pattern":1,"pendants":1,"perpetrators":1,"personal":3,"phone":3,"pin":1,"places":1,"political":1,"practical":1,"pre":1,"pressed":1,"privacy":2,"product":1,"projects":1,"protect":1,"put":2,"questions":1,"racial":1,"raising":1,"rarely":1,"rather":2,"realities":1,"recorded":1,"related":1,"report":1,"responsibility":1,"reviewers":1,"risk":1,"runs":1,"s":2,"safe":1,"safest":2,"safety":9,"same":1,"scrutiny":1,"shares":1,"sharing":1,"ship":1,"smart":2,"so":2,"solutionism":1,"sources":1,"squaretrade":1,"streams":1,"subscription":2,"tag":1,"tags":2,"tech":1,"techno":1,"tension":1,"texts":1,"than":2,"that":7,"the":9,"there":1,"they":1,"this":2,"timer":1,"to":8,"tracking":1,"trigger":1,"trusted":1,"turned":1,"twice":1,"typically":1,"ugly":1,"under":1,"up":1,"vault":1,"was":1,"wearable":1,"wearables":2,"wearing":2,"wearsafe":1,"weighed":1,"where":1,"who":1,"with":3,"woman":2}},{"dl":275,"n":"sexual-violence","s":"concepts/sexual-violence","secs":[{"h":"Sexual Violence","l":1,"t":"**Sexual violence** is defined by the WHO as any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, or other act directed against a person's sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting. It spans a wide continuum — rape and attempted rape, sexual assault and unwanted sexual contact, sexual coercion, sexual harassment, child sexual abuse, forced marriage, and the denial of contraception or sexual-health protection. Because consent is central, the defining feature is the absence of freely given agreement rather than the presence of physical force. It can be perpetrated by an intimate partner — overlapping with [[Intimate Partner Violence]] — or by acquaintances and strangers (non-partner sexual violence). It is a major and persistently under-reported form of [[Gender-Based Violence]]. WHO estimates that about 8% of women aged 15 and over (roughly 263 million) have experienced non-partner sexual violence at least once since age 15, and that around 31.6% of women worldwide have experienced partner violence or non-partner sexual violence over their lifetime. Children are also heavily affected: a 2023 global analysis estimated lifetime prevalence of childhood sexual violence at about 18.9% for girls and 14.8% for boys. Stigma, fear and disbelief mean recorded figures substantially understate the true scale, shaping how survivor-centred [[Reporting and Disclosure]] tools must be designed."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - related_to::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - addressed_by::[[Reporting and Disclosure]] - related_to::[[Evidence Documentation]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100463/ **Tags:** #concept #violence"}],"tf":{"14":1,"15":2,"18":1,"2023":1,"263":1,"31":1,"6":1,"8":2,"9":1,"a":5,"about":2,"absence":1,"abuse":1,"acquaintances":1,"act":3,"addressed":1,"affected":1,"against":2,"age":1,"aged":1,"agreement":1,"also":1,"an":1,"analysis":1,"and":11,"any":3,"are":1,"around":1,"articles":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"at":2,"attempt":1,"attempted":1,"based":2,"be":2,"because":1,"boys":1,"by":5,"can":1,"central":1,"centred":1,"child":1,"childhood":1,"children":1,"coercion":2,"concept":1,"consent":1,"contact":1,"continuum":1,"contraception":1,"defined":1,"defining":1,"denial":1,"designed":1,"detail":1,"directed":1,"disbelief":1,"disclosure":2,"documentation":1,"estimated":1,"estimates":1,"evidence":1,"experienced":2,"fact":1,"fear":1,"feature":1,"figures":1,"for":2,"force":1,"forced":1,"form":1,"freely":1,"gender":2,"girls":1,"given":1,"global":1,"gov":1,"harassment":1,"have":2,"health":1,"heavily":1,"how":1,"https":2,"in":2,"int":1,"intimate":3,"is":4,"it":3,"least":1,"lifetime":2,"major":1,"marriage":1,"mean":1,"million":1,"must":1,"ncbi":1,"news":1,"nih":1,"nlm":1,"non":3,"obtain":1,"of":9,"once":1,"or":4,"other":1,"over":2,"overlapping":1,"partner":7,"perpetrated":1,"persistently":1,"person":2,"physical":1,"pmc":1,"pmc12100463":1,"presence":1,"prevalence":1,"protection":1,"rape":2,"rather":1,"recorded":1,"regardless":1,"related":2,"relationship":1,"reported":1,"reporting":2,"room":1,"roughly":1,"s":1,"scale":1,"setting":1,"sexual":14,"sexuality":1,"shaping":1,"sheets":1,"since":1,"sources":1,"spans":1,"stigma":1,"strangers":1,"substantially":1,"subtype":1,"survivor":1,"tags":1,"than":1,"that":2,"the":7,"their":2,"this":1,"to":4,"tools":1,"true":1,"under":1,"understate":1,"unwanted":1,"using":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"violence":13,"who":3,"wide":1,"with":1,"women":3,"worldwide":1,"www":2}},{"dl":101,"n":"stalkerware","s":"concepts/stalkerware","secs":[{"h":"Stalkerware","l":1,"t":"**Stalkerware** (or spouseware) is commercially available monitoring software — often marketed for \"parental control\" or \"employee monitoring\" — installed covertly on a victim's device to read messages, track [[Location Sharing|location]], and capture activity. It is the sharp edge of [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]]: a consumer app turned instrument of [[Coercive Control]] and [[Stalking]]. Any safety tool that stores sensitive data on a device an abuser can access must treat stalkerware as part of its threat model — one reason [[Discreet Access]] and minimal data retention matter."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- instance_of::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] - enables::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - used_in::[[Coercive Control]]"}],"tf":{"a":3,"abuse":3,"abuser":1,"access":2,"activity":1,"an":1,"and":3,"any":1,"app":1,"as":1,"available":1,"can":1,"capture":1,"coercive":2,"commercially":1,"consumer":1,"control":3,"covertly":1,"data":2,"device":2,"discreet":1,"edge":1,"employee":1,"enabled":2,"enables":1,"for":1,"in":2,"installed":1,"instance":1,"instrument":1,"is":2,"it":1,"its":1,"location":3,"marketed":1,"matter":1,"messages":1,"minimal":1,"model":1,"monitoring":2,"must":1,"of":4,"often":1,"on":2,"one":1,"or":2,"parental":1,"part":1,"read":1,"reason":1,"retention":1,"s":1,"safety":1,"sensitive":1,"sharing":1,"sharp":1,"software":1,"spouseware":1,"stalkerware":3,"stalking":1,"stores":1,"tech":2,"that":1,"the":1,"this":1,"threat":1,"to":1,"tool":1,"track":1,"tracking":1,"treat":1,"turned":1,"used":1,"vault":1,"victim":1}},{"dl":265,"n":"stalking","s":"concepts/stalking","secs":[{"h":"Stalking","l":1,"t":"**Stalking** is a perpetrator's use of a repeated, unwanted pattern of harassing or threatening tactics that causes a victim to feel fear or concern for their safety. Tactics range from following, showing up at a home or workplace, and sending unwanted gifts or messages, to surreptitious, technology-facilitated methods such as GPS tracking, spying through cameras or [[Stalkerware]], and relentless contact via phone, text and social media. The defining elements are repetition and induced fear; this overlaps closely with [[Coercive Control]] and with [[Location Tracking Abuse]], since the same monitoring that terrorises a victim also enables further control. Most victims know their stalker — intimate partners and acquaintances are the most common perpetrators. It is widespread. The CDC's National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey finds that roughly 1 in 5 women and 1 in 10 men experience stalking during their lifetime, with state-level female lifetime prevalence ranging from about 15.6% to 35.2%. Nearly 58% of female and 49% of male victims were first stalked before age 25. US Bureau of Justice Statistics data has estimated millions of stalking and harassment victims each year. Crucially, the technology-facilitated tactics that require no physical proximity are often the hardest to detect, so their true prevalence is likely underestimated — a core challenge for [[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] response."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- subtype_of::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - enabled_by::[[Stalkerware]] - related_to::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - related_to::[[Coercive Control]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://www.cdc.gov/intimate-partner-violence/about/about-stalking.html - https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/svus_rev.pdf **Tags:** #concept #violence"}],"tf":{"1":2,"10":1,"15":1,"2":1,"25":1,"35":1,"49":1,"5":1,"58":1,"6":1,"a":6,"about":3,"abuse":3,"acquaintances":1,"age":1,"also":1,"and":10,"are":3,"as":1,"at":1,"based":1,"before":1,"bjs":1,"bureau":1,"by":1,"cameras":1,"causes":1,"cdc":2,"challenge":1,"closely":1,"coercive":2,"common":1,"concept":1,"concern":1,"contact":1,"content":1,"control":3,"core":1,"crucially":1,"data":1,"defining":1,"detect":1,"during":1,"each":1,"elements":1,"enabled":2,"enables":1,"estimated":1,"experience":1,"facilitated":2,"fear":2,"feel":1,"female":2,"finds":1,"first":1,"following":1,"for":2,"from":2,"further":1,"gender":1,"gifts":1,"gov":2,"gps":1,"harassing":1,"harassment":1,"hardest":1,"has":1,"home":1,"html":1,"https":2,"in":3,"induced":1,"intimate":3,"is":3,"it":1,"justice":1,"know":1,"level":1,"lifetime":2,"likely":1,"location":2,"male":1,"media":1,"men":1,"messages":1,"methods":1,"millions":1,"monitoring":1,"most":2,"national":1,"nearly":1,"no":1,"of":7,"often":1,"ojp":1,"or":5,"overlaps":1,"partner":2,"partners":1,"pattern":1,"pdf":2,"perpetrator":1,"perpetrators":1,"phone":1,"physical":1,"prevalence":2,"proximity":1,"pub":1,"range":1,"ranging":1,"related":2,"relentless":1,"repeated":1,"repetition":1,"require":1,"response":1,"rev":1,"roughly":1,"s":2,"safety":1,"same":1,"sending":1,"sexual":1,"showing":1,"since":1,"so":1,"social":1,"sources":1,"spying":1,"stalked":1,"stalker":1,"stalkerware":2,"stalking":5,"state":1,"statistics":1,"subtype":1,"such":1,"surreptitious":1,"survey":1,"svus":1,"tactics":3,"tags":1,"tech":1,"technology":2,"terrorises":1,"text":1,"that":4,"the":6,"their":4,"this":2,"threatening":1,"through":1,"to":6,"tracking":3,"true":1,"underestimated":1,"unwanted":2,"up":1,"us":1,"use":1,"vault":1,"via":1,"victim":2,"victims":3,"violence":4,"were":1,"widespread":1,"with":3,"women":1,"workplace":1,"www":1,"year":1}},{"dl":276,"n":"survivor-centered-design","s":"concepts/survivor-centered-design","secs":[{"h":"Survivor-Centered Design","l":1,"t":"**Survivor-centered design** places the rights, needs, safety, and stated preferences of people who have experienced violence at the center of every design decision, rather than treating them as a population to be managed. A survivor-centered approach prioritises a survivor's safety, agency, and wellbeing, and insists that survivors be involved at every stage of design and implementation — not consulted once and then designed around. In service and product terms it translates into the trauma-informed commitments of safety, choice, consent, collaboration, trustworthiness, and empowerment, and into reframing the operative question from \"why isn't this survivor ready?\" to \"what does this survivor need right now to feel safe?\". It treats lived experience as expertise and resists building tools *for* survivors without building them *with* survivors. The approach is closely tied to [[Trauma-Informed Design]] (its principles overlap heavily) and is the practical lens through which a vault tool is judged to genuinely centre the [[Victim-Survivor]]. It is informed by [[Feminist HCI]] and design-justice thinking, which name whose voices design usually erases. Survivor-centered design also sets a critical boundary against [[Techno-Solutionism]]: a flashy feature that increases a survivor's exposure, or that an abuser can repurpose, fails the test no matter how clever, which is why these projects weigh [[Privacy and Safety]] and the realities of [[Coercive Control]] before shipping."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- related_to::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - informed_by::[[Feminist HCI]] - tension_with::[[Techno-Solutionism]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- https://www.spotlightinitiative.org/design-survivor-centred-programme - https://wscadv.org/projects/domestic-violence-housing-first/toolkit/survivor-driven-trauma-informed-mobile-advocacy/ **Tags:** #concept #design #survivor-centered"}],"tf":{"a":7,"abuser":1,"advocacy":1,"against":1,"agency":1,"also":1,"an":1,"and":13,"approach":2,"around":1,"as":2,"at":2,"be":2,"before":1,"boundary":1,"building":2,"by":2,"can":1,"center":1,"centered":5,"centre":1,"centred":1,"centres":1,"choice":1,"clever":1,"closely":1,"coercive":1,"collaboration":1,"commitments":1,"concept":1,"consent":1,"consulted":1,"control":1,"critical":1,"decision":1,"design":11,"designed":1,"does":1,"domestic":1,"driven":1,"empowerment":1,"erases":1,"every":2,"experience":1,"experienced":1,"expertise":1,"exposure":1,"fails":1,"feature":1,"feel":1,"feminist":2,"first":1,"flashy":1,"for":1,"from":1,"genuinely":1,"have":1,"hci":2,"heavily":1,"housing":1,"how":1,"https":2,"implementation":1,"in":2,"increases":1,"informed":6,"insists":1,"into":2,"involved":1,"is":5,"isn":1,"it":3,"its":1,"judged":1,"justice":1,"lens":1,"lived":1,"managed":1,"matter":1,"mobile":1,"name":1,"need":1,"needs":1,"no":1,"not":1,"now":1,"of":5,"once":1,"operative":1,"or":1,"org":2,"overlap":1,"people":1,"places":1,"population":1,"practical":1,"preferences":1,"principles":1,"prioritises":1,"privacy":1,"product":1,"programme":1,"projects":2,"question":1,"rather":1,"ready":1,"realities":1,"reframing":1,"related":1,"repurpose":1,"resists":1,"right":1,"rights":1,"s":2,"safe":1,"safety":4,"service":1,"sets":1,"shipping":1,"solutionism":2,"sources":1,"spotlightinitiative":1,"stage":1,"stated":1,"survivor":13,"survivors":3,"t":1,"tags":1,"techno":2,"tension":1,"terms":1,"test":1,"than":1,"that":3,"the":9,"them":2,"then":1,"these":1,"thinking":1,"this":3,"through":1,"tied":1,"to":6,"tool":1,"toolkit":1,"tools":1,"translates":1,"trauma":4,"treating":1,"treats":1,"trustworthiness":1,"usually":1,"vault":2,"victim":2,"violence":2,"voices":1,"weigh":1,"wellbeing":1,"what":1,"which":3,"who":1,"whose":1,"why":2,"with":2,"without":1,"wscadv":1,"www":1}},{"dl":277,"n":"tech-enabled-abuse","s":"concepts/tech-enabled-abuse","secs":[{"h":"Tech-Enabled Abuse","l":1,"t":"**Tech-enabled abuse** (also called technology-facilitated abuse) is the use of everyday digital tools — phones, accounts, smart-home devices, trackers, social media — to monitor, control, intimidate, or harm a partner, ex-partner, or family member. It is rarely a separate \"online\" problem: surveillance and harassment through devices typically operate as one channel of a broader pattern of [[Coercive Control]], and they frequently overlap with offline [[Stalking]] and physical violence. NNEDV's Safety Net Project notes that abusers are \"often very determined to maintain control,\" and technology is one of many tools they use; the abuse \"does not always remain online and could escalate to other forms of violence.\" Australia's eSafety Commissioner frames it as conduct including monitoring and surveillance, cyberstalking with tracking, impersonation, hacking, and harassment, deployed within [[Intimate Partner Violence]] and [[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]]. The category spans covert spyware ([[Stalkerware]]), GPS and Bluetooth [[Location Tracking Abuse]], account takeover, and the weaponising of shared devices and family plans. Because the same features that protect a [[Victim-Survivor]] — [[Location Sharing]], cloud backups, \"find my device\" — can be turned against them, tech-enabled abuse sits in permanent tension with [[Privacy and Safety]] and is the threat model any [[Personal Safety Apps]] design must take seriously through [[Discreet Access]], minimal data retention, and [[Trauma-Informed Design]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- enables::[[Coercive Control]] - includes::[[Stalkerware]] - includes::[[Location Tracking Abuse]] - tension_with::[[Privacy and Safety]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":14,"t":"- <https://nnedv.org/latest_update/combating-technology-facilitated-abuse/> - <https://www.esafety.gov.au/key-topics/tech-based-abuse/about-tech-based-family-domestic-sexual-violence> - <https://stopstalkerware.org/2024/12/12/understanding-technology-enabled-abuse-in-modern-relationships/>"}],"tf":{"12":2,"2024":1,"a":4,"about":1,"abuse":10,"abusers":1,"access":1,"account":1,"accounts":1,"against":1,"also":1,"always":1,"and":16,"any":1,"apps":1,"are":1,"as":2,"au":1,"australia":1,"backups":1,"based":2,"be":1,"because":1,"bluetooth":1,"broader":1,"called":1,"can":1,"category":1,"channel":1,"cloud":1,"coercive":2,"combating":1,"commissioner":1,"conduct":1,"control":4,"could":1,"covert":1,"cyberstalking":1,"data":1,"deployed":1,"design":2,"determined":1,"device":1,"devices":3,"digital":1,"discreet":1,"does":1,"domestic":2,"enabled":4,"enables":1,"esafety":2,"escalate":1,"everyday":1,"ex":1,"facilitated":2,"family":4,"features":1,"find":1,"forms":1,"frames":1,"frequently":1,"gov":1,"gps":1,"hacking":1,"harassment":2,"harm":1,"home":1,"https":3,"impersonation":1,"in":3,"includes":2,"including":1,"informed":1,"intimate":1,"intimidate":1,"is":4,"it":2,"key":1,"latest":1,"location":3,"maintain":1,"many":1,"media":1,"member":1,"minimal":1,"model":1,"modern":1,"monitor":1,"monitoring":1,"must":1,"my":1,"net":1,"nnedv":2,"not":1,"notes":1,"of":6,"offline":1,"often":1,"one":2,"online":2,"operate":1,"or":2,"org":2,"other":1,"overlap":1,"partner":3,"pattern":1,"permanent":1,"personal":1,"phones":1,"physical":1,"plans":1,"privacy":2,"problem":1,"project":1,"protect":1,"rarely":1,"relationships":1,"remain":1,"retention":1,"s":2,"safety":4,"same":1,"separate":1,"seriously":1,"sexual":1,"sexualised":1,"shared":1,"sharing":1,"sits":1,"smart":1,"social":1,"sources":1,"spans":1,"spyware":1,"stalkerware":2,"stalking":1,"stopstalkerware":1,"surveillance":2,"survivor":1,"take":1,"takeover":1,"tech":5,"technology":4,"tension":2,"that":2,"the":6,"them":1,"they":2,"this":1,"threat":1,"through":2,"to":3,"tools":2,"topics":1,"trackers":1,"tracking":3,"trauma":1,"turned":1,"typically":1,"understanding":1,"update":1,"use":2,"vault":1,"very":1,"victim":1,"violence":5,"weaponising":1,"with":4,"within":1,"www":1}},{"dl":148,"n":"techno-solutionism","s":"concepts/techno-solutionism","secs":[{"h":"Techno-Solutionism","l":1,"t":"**Techno-solutionism** is the assumption that complex social and political problems can be fixed with technology. In anti-violence tech it shows up as the belief that the right gadget or app can \"prevent sexual assault\" or \"ensure the safety of women\" — a framing critiqued at length in [[The Safest Woman Alive]] and [[Datafication of MeToo]]. The danger is twofold: it shifts the burden of prevention onto [[Victim-Survivor|victim-survivors]] (who must buy, learn, and correctly use devices), and it draws attention and funding away from structural change addressed by the other [[Four Domains of Power]]. This is the central tension running through the vault: tools can genuinely help in a crisis, but should be weighed against [[Trauma-Informed Design]], feminist critique, and the limits of what design alone can do."},{"h":"In this vault","l":7,"t":"- critiqued_by::[[Four Domains of Power]] - tension_with::[[Personal Safety Apps]]"}],"tf":{"a":2,"addressed":1,"against":1,"alive":1,"alone":1,"and":6,"anti":1,"app":1,"apps":1,"as":1,"assault":1,"assumption":1,"at":1,"attention":1,"away":1,"be":2,"belief":1,"burden":1,"but":1,"buy":1,"by":2,"can":4,"central":1,"change":1,"complex":1,"correctly":1,"crisis":1,"critique":1,"critiqued":2,"danger":1,"datafication":1,"design":2,"devices":1,"do":1,"domains":2,"draws":1,"ensure":1,"feminist":1,"fixed":1,"four":2,"framing":1,"from":1,"funding":1,"gadget":1,"genuinely":1,"help":1,"in":4,"informed":1,"is":3,"it":3,"learn":1,"length":1,"limits":1,"metoo":1,"must":1,"of":6,"onto":1,"or":2,"other":1,"personal":1,"political":1,"power":2,"prevent":1,"prevention":1,"problems":1,"right":1,"running":1,"safest":1,"safety":2,"sexual":1,"shifts":1,"should":1,"shows":1,"social":1,"solutionism":2,"structural":1,"survivor":1,"survivors":1,"tech":1,"techno":2,"technology":1,"tension":2,"that":2,"the":11,"this":2,"through":1,"tools":1,"trauma":1,"twofold":1,"up":1,"use":1,"vault":2,"victim":2,"violence":1,"weighed":1,"what":1,"who":1,"with":2,"woman":1,"women":1}},{"dl":91,"n":"trauma-informed-design","s":"concepts/trauma-informed-design","secs":[{"h":"Trauma-Informed Design","l":1,"t":"**Trauma-informed design** builds tools around the realities of people who have experienced violence: defaults that fail safe, control left in the user's hands, language that validates rather than directs, and the assumption that a device may be monitored. It is closely tied to [[Survivor-Centered Design]] and underpins [[Discreet Access|discreet]], dignified experiences. [[Insight Exchange]]'s resources — [[My Safety Kit]], [[Responders Lab]], [[No Hidden Door]] — are practical expressions of the approach."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- related_to::[[Survivor-Centered Design]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - informs::[[Personal Safety Apps]]"}],"tf":{"a":1,"access":1,"and":2,"approach":1,"apps":1,"are":1,"around":1,"assumption":1,"be":1,"builds":1,"centered":2,"centres":1,"closely":1,"control":1,"defaults":1,"design":4,"device":1,"dignified":1,"directs":1,"discreet":2,"door":1,"exchange":1,"experienced":1,"experiences":1,"expressions":1,"fail":1,"hands":1,"have":1,"hidden":1,"in":2,"informed":2,"informs":1,"insight":1,"is":1,"it":1,"kit":1,"lab":1,"language":1,"left":1,"may":1,"monitored":1,"my":1,"no":1,"of":2,"people":1,"personal":1,"practical":1,"rather":1,"realities":1,"related":1,"resources":1,"responders":1,"s":2,"safe":1,"safety":2,"survivor":3,"than":1,"that":3,"the":4,"this":1,"tied":1,"to":2,"tools":1,"trauma":2,"underpins":1,"user":1,"validates":1,"vault":1,"victim":1,"violence":1,"who":1}},{"dl":91,"n":"trusted-network","s":"concepts/trusted-network","secs":[{"h":"Trusted Network","l":1,"t":"A **trusted network** is the set of people a user pre-selects to receive alerts, check-ins and location from a safety app — [[Circle of 6]]'s and [[Circulo|Círculo]]'s \"circle\" of six, [[On Watch]]'s \"support network.\" The design choices that matter are who can be added, how easily the list can be changed under duress, and whether contacts can actually help in time. It is the connective tissue that makes [[Bystander Intervention]] work in software."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- part_of::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - enables::[[Bystander Intervention]]"}],"tf":{"6":1,"a":3,"actually":1,"added":1,"alerts":1,"and":3,"app":1,"apps":1,"are":1,"be":2,"bystander":2,"can":3,"changed":1,"check":1,"choices":1,"circle":2,"circulo":1,"connective":1,"contacts":1,"círculo":1,"design":1,"duress":1,"easily":1,"enables":1,"from":1,"help":1,"how":1,"in":3,"ins":1,"intervention":2,"is":2,"it":1,"list":1,"location":1,"makes":1,"matter":1,"network":3,"of":4,"on":1,"part":1,"people":1,"personal":1,"pre":1,"receive":1,"s":3,"safety":2,"selects":1,"set":1,"six":1,"software":1,"support":1,"that":2,"the":4,"this":1,"time":1,"tissue":1,"to":1,"trusted":2,"under":1,"user":1,"vault":1,"watch":1,"whether":1,"who":1,"work":1}},{"dl":82,"n":"victim-survivor","s":"concepts/victim-survivor","secs":[{"h":"Victim-Survivor","l":1,"t":"**Victim-survivor** is the term used in much lived-experience-led practice (including [[Insight Exchange]]'s) for a person who has been subjected to violence and abuse. It deliberately holds both realities at once — the harm done *to* a person and their ongoing agency — and signals a stance of centring that person's own meaning, pace and decisions, as in [[Trauma-Informed Design]] and [[Survivor-Centered Design]]."},{"h":"In this vault","l":5,"t":"- related_to::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - subjected_to::[[Gender-Based Violence]]"}],"tf":{"a":3,"abuse":1,"agency":1,"and":5,"as":1,"at":1,"based":1,"been":1,"both":1,"centered":1,"centring":1,"decisions":1,"deliberately":1,"design":3,"done":1,"exchange":1,"experience":1,"for":1,"gender":1,"harm":1,"has":1,"holds":1,"in":3,"including":1,"informed":2,"insight":1,"is":1,"it":1,"led":1,"lived":1,"meaning":1,"much":1,"of":1,"once":1,"ongoing":1,"own":1,"pace":1,"person":3,"practice":1,"realities":1,"related":1,"s":2,"signals":1,"stance":1,"subjected":2,"survivor":3,"term":1,"that":1,"the":2,"their":1,"this":1,"to":4,"trauma":2,"used":1,"vault":1,"victim":2,"violence":2,"who":1}},{"dl":369,"n":"index","s":"index","secs":[{"h":"Anti-Violence Tech Vault","l":1,"t":"A curated, wikilink-connected research vault on **anti-violence and women's safety technology** — the apps, devices, organisations and practice resources built to prevent, interrupt, document, and respond to gender-based violence, and the threats (stalkerware, coercive control, location tracking) they contend with. Each note summarises a source in its own words and cross-links to related apps, concepts, and research with **typed `predicate::[[links]]`**, forming a navigable graph of the field. Start with **[[concept-map]]** for a guided tour, or browse the Map of Content below. See **[[README]]** for conventions, the predicate vocabulary, and the `ar-crawl → zetl → hence` toolchain. ---"},{"h":"Map of Content","l":11,"t":""},{"h":"Apps & products","l":13,"t":"- [[Circle of 6]] - [[Circulo|Círculo]] — privacy-hardened successor for journalists & human-rights defenders - [[On Watch]] - _wanted: bSafe, Noonlight, Hollie Guard, Aspire News App, Garbo, …_"},{"h":"Organisations & initiatives","l":20,"t":"- [[Insight Exchange]] — Australian DFV initiative (DVSM) - [[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]] — US White House / HHS challenge, 2011"},{"h":"Practice resources & frameworks","l":25,"t":"- [[My Safety Kit]] — reflection resource for victim-survivors - [[Responders Lab]] — peer learning for responders - [[No Hidden Door]] — communication-ecosystem audit + guidance"},{"h":"Concept hubs","l":31,"t":"- [[Personal Safety Apps]] - [[Reporting Apps]] - [[Bystander Intervention]] - [[Panic Button]] - [[Location Sharing]] - [[Trusted Network]] - [[Trauma-Informed Design]] - [[Victim-Survivor]] - _wanted: Discreet Access, Survivor-Centered Design, Privacy and Safety, Risk Assessment, Crisis Hotlines and Resources, Safety Wearables, AI Distress Detection_"},{"h":"The violence being addressed","l":43,"t":"- [[Gender-Based Violence]] - [[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]] - [[Coercive Control]] - _wanted: Domestic Violence, Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Violence, Economic Abuse, Stalking_"},{"h":"The technology being weaponised (threats)","l":50,"t":"- [[Stalkerware]] - _wanted: Tech-Enabled Abuse, Location Tracking Abuse_"},{"h":"Research & reports","l":55,"t":"- [[The Safest Woman Alive]] — Öhlund & Strohmayer (2025, CHI EA): critique of interpersonal safety tech - [[Datafication of MeToo]] — Henne, Shelby & Harb (2021): racial capitalism & reporting apps - _wanted: Tech Abuse and Coercive Control, safety-app efficacy studies, NNEDV/WESNET Safety Net reports, …_"},{"h":"Critical lenses","l":61,"t":"- [[Four Domains of Power]] - [[Techno-Solutionism]] - _wanted: Feminist HCI, Racial Capitalism, Datafication, Victim-Blaming_ ---"},{"h":"How to contribute","l":69,"t":"The vault is a plain-text [zetl](https://codeberg.org/anuna/zetl) wikilink graph — every note is Markdown with typed `[[wikilinks]]`. 1. **Gather** sources with `ar-crawl` (output to `scratch/`). 2. **Add or edit** notes following the structure of existing ones (see [[README]]). 3. Run `zetl check` to validate links and `zetl build` to preview locally. 4. Track the work as a `hence` plan so agents don't collide."}],"tf":{"1":1,"2":1,"2011":1,"2021":1,"2025":1,"3":1,"4":1,"6":1,"a":6,"abuse":5,"access":1,"add":1,"addressed":1,"against":1,"agents":1,"ai":1,"alive":1,"and":12,"anti":2,"anuna":1,"app":2,"apps":7,"as":1,"aspire":1,"assessment":1,"audit":1,"australian":1,"based":2,"being":2,"below":1,"blaming":1,"browse":1,"bsafe":1,"built":1,"button":1,"bystander":1,"capitalism":2,"centered":1,"challenge":2,"chi":1,"circle":1,"circulo":1,"codeberg":1,"coercive":3,"collide":1,"communication":1,"concept":2,"concepts":1,"connected":1,"contend":1,"content":2,"contribute":1,"control":3,"conventions":1,"crisis":1,"critical":1,"critique":1,"cross":1,"curated":1,"círculo":1,"datafication":2,"defenders":1,"design":2,"detection":1,"devices":1,"dfv":1,"discreet":1,"distress":1,"document":1,"domains":1,"domestic":2,"don":1,"door":1,"dvsm":1,"ea":1,"each":1,"economic":1,"ecosystem":1,"edit":1,"efficacy":1,"enabled":1,"every":1,"exchange":1,"existing":1,"family":1,"feminist":1,"field":1,"following":1,"for":5,"forming":1,"four":1,"frameworks":1,"garbo":1,"gather":1,"gender":2,"graph":2,"guard":1,"guidance":1,"guided":1,"harb":1,"hardened":1,"hci":1,"henne":1,"hhs":1,"hidden":1,"hollie":1,"hotlines":1,"house":1,"how":1,"https":1,"hubs":1,"human":1,"in":1,"informed":1,"initiative":1,"initiatives":1,"insight":1,"interpersonal":1,"interrupt":1,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"is":2,"its":1,"journalists":1,"kit":1,"lab":1,"learning":1,"lenses":1,"links":2,"locally":1,"location":3,"map":3,"markdown":1,"metoo":1,"my":1,"navigable":1,"net":1,"network":1,"news":1,"nnedv":1,"no":1,"noonlight":1,"note":2,"notes":1,"of":8,"on":2,"ones":1,"or":2,"org":1,"organisations":2,"output":1,"own":1,"panic":1,"partner":1,"peer":1,"personal":1,"plain":1,"plan":1,"power":1,"practice":2,"predicate":1,"prevent":1,"preview":1,"privacy":2,"products":1,"racial":2,"readme":2,"reflection":1,"related":1,"reporting":2,"reports":2,"research":3,"resource":1,"resources":3,"respond":1,"responders":2,"rights":1,"risk":1,"run":1,"s":1,"safest":1,"safety":8,"see":2,"sexual":1,"sexualised":1,"sharing":1,"shelby":1,"so":1,"solutionism":1,"source":1,"sources":1,"stalkerware":2,"stalking":1,"start":1,"strohmayer":1,"structure":1,"studies":1,"successor":1,"summarises":1,"survivor":2,"survivors":1,"t":1,"tech":4,"techno":1,"technology":2,"text":1,"the":12,"they":1,"threats":2,"to":7,"toolchain":1,"tour":1,"track":1,"tracking":2,"trauma":1,"trusted":1,"typed":2,"us":1,"validate":1,"vault":3,"victim":3,"violence":9,"vocabulary":1,"wanted":6,"watch":1,"weaponised":1,"wearables":1,"wesnet":1,"white":1,"wikilink":2,"with":5,"woman":1,"women":1,"words":1,"work":1,"zetl":2,"öhlund":1}},{"dl":245,"n":"1-is-2-many","s":"orgs/1-is-2-many","secs":[{"h":"1 is 2 Many","l":1,"t":"**Convened by** the US Office of the Vice President (Vice President Joe Biden) · launched 2011, active through the Obama Administration (~2011–2016)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"\"1 is 2 Many\" (styled *1is2many*) was a US federal initiative launched by Vice President **Joe Biden** in September 2011 to reduce dating violence and sexual assault among teens and young adults. Its name reflects the data driving it: women between the ages of **16 and 24** experience the highest rates of relationship violence, and Biden framed even a single case as one too many. The initiative used technology, public-service announcements, and outreach to engage young women and young men in preventing violence in the places they live, work, study, and socialise, while also acknowledging male survivors. As its technology arm, 1 is 2 Many launched the **Apps Against Abuse** challenge in July 2011 — a national developer contest, run with the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and HHS — that produced winning apps to help young people quickly reach trusted friends and call for help. The effort sat alongside broader Administration work on the same problem, including the 2014 White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault and its companion \"Not Alone\" initiative."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- addresses::[[Sexual Violence]] - addresses::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - launched::[[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]] - promotes::[[Bystander Intervention]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":18,"t":"- <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many> - <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many/about> - <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many/apps-against-abuse> **Tags:** #initiative #policy #government"}],"tf":{"1":3,"16":1,"1is2many":4,"2":3,"2011":4,"2014":1,"2016":1,"24":1,"a":3,"about":1,"abuse":3,"acknowledging":1,"active":1,"addresses":2,"administration":2,"adults":1,"against":3,"ages":1,"alone":1,"alongside":1,"also":1,"among":1,"and":11,"announcements":1,"apps":4,"archives":3,"arm":1,"as":2,"assault":2,"between":1,"biden":3,"broader":1,"by":2,"bystander":1,"call":1,"case":1,"challenge":2,"companion":1,"connections":1,"contest":1,"convened":1,"data":1,"dating":1,"developer":1,"driving":1,"effort":1,"engage":1,"even":1,"experience":1,"federal":1,"for":1,"force":1,"framed":1,"friends":1,"from":1,"gov":3,"government":1,"help":2,"hhs":1,"highest":1,"house":2,"https":3,"in":4,"including":1,"initiative":4,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"is":3,"it":1,"its":3,"joe":2,"july":1,"launched":4,"live":1,"male":1,"many":4,"men":1,"name":1,"national":1,"not":1,"obama":1,"obamawhitehouse":3,"of":4,"office":2,"on":1,"one":1,"outreach":1,"partner":1,"people":1,"places":1,"policy":2,"president":3,"preventing":1,"problem":1,"produced":1,"promotes":1,"protect":1,"public":1,"quickly":1,"rates":1,"reach":1,"reduce":1,"reflects":1,"relationship":1,"run":1,"same":1,"sat":1,"science":1,"september":1,"service":1,"sexual":3,"single":1,"socialise":1,"sources":1,"students":1,"study":1,"styled":1,"summary":1,"survivors":1,"tags":1,"task":1,"technology":3,"teens":1,"that":1,"the":13,"they":1,"through":1,"to":4,"too":1,"trusted":1,"us":2,"used":1,"vice":3,"violence":5,"was":1,"while":1,"white":2,"winning":1,"with":1,"women":2,"work":2,"young":4}},{"dl":205,"n":"apps-against-abuse-challenge","s":"orgs/apps-against-abuse-challenge","secs":[{"h":"Apps Against Abuse Challenge","l":1,"t":"**Convened by** the US White House (OSTP), HHS, and the Office of the Vice President · 2011"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"\"Apps Against Abuse\" was a US federal technology challenge launched in July 2011 by Vice President Joe Biden, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, as part of the **1 is 2 Many** initiative against dating violence and sexual assault. It called on software developers to use mobile technology to keep young adults connected to trusted friends in real time and to provide fast access to help (local police, abuse hotlines). The framing was explicitly **bystander- and prevention-oriented**: because many incidents of dating violence and sexual assault involve an acquaintance isolating a target, the envisioned app would let someone reach trusted friends *before* harm occurs. In November 2011 two co-winners were announced — [[Circle of 6]] and [[On Watch]] — and the Vice President urged college and university leaders to make students aware of them."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- promotes::[[Bystander Intervention]] - addresses::[[Sexual Violence]] - addresses::[[Intimate Partner Violence]] - part_of::[[1 is 2 Many]] > Winning apps assert `won::[[Apps Against Abuse Challenge]]`; see this page's backlinks for the full list."},{"h":"Sources","l":20,"t":"- <https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1is2many/apps-against-abuse> **Tags:** #initiative #policy #government"}],"tf":{"1":2,"1is2many":1,"2":2,"2011":3,"6":1,"a":2,"abuse":4,"access":1,"acquaintance":1,"addresses":2,"adults":1,"against":4,"an":1,"and":10,"announced":1,"app":1,"apps":4,"archives":1,"as":1,"assault":2,"assert":1,"aware":1,"backlinks":1,"because":1,"before":1,"biden":1,"by":2,"bystander":2,"called":1,"challenge":2,"circle":1,"co":1,"college":1,"connected":1,"connections":1,"convened":1,"dating":2,"developers":1,"envisioned":1,"explicitly":1,"fast":1,"federal":1,"for":1,"framing":1,"friends":2,"full":1,"gov":1,"government":1,"harm":1,"help":1,"hhs":2,"hotlines":1,"house":2,"https":1,"in":3,"incidents":1,"initiative":2,"intervention":1,"intimate":1,"involve":1,"is":2,"isolating":1,"it":1,"joe":1,"july":1,"kathleen":1,"keep":1,"launched":1,"leaders":1,"let":1,"list":1,"local":1,"make":1,"many":3,"mobile":1,"november":1,"obamawhitehouse":1,"occurs":1,"of":7,"office":2,"on":2,"oriented":1,"ostp":1,"page":1,"part":2,"partner":1,"police":1,"policy":2,"president":3,"prevention":1,"promotes":1,"provide":1,"reach":1,"real":1,"s":1,"science":1,"sebelius":1,"secretary":1,"see":1,"sexual":3,"software":1,"someone":1,"sources":1,"students":1,"summary":1,"tags":1,"target":1,"technology":3,"the":9,"them":1,"this":1,"time":1,"to":6,"trusted":2,"two":1,"university":1,"urged":1,"us":2,"use":1,"vice":3,"violence":4,"was":2,"watch":1,"were":1,"white":2,"winners":1,"winning":1,"would":1,"young":1}},{"dl":192,"n":"insight-exchange","s":"orgs/insight-exchange","secs":[{"h":"Insight Exchange","l":1,"t":"**Domestic Violence Service Management (DVSM)** · Australia · Registered charity (ABN 26 165 400 635)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"Insight Exchange is an Australian initiative established, developed and governed by Domestic Violence Service Management (DVSM). Rather than an app, it is a body of **lived-experience-led resources** that centre the dignity and agency of people subjected to domestic, family and sexualised violence — and that support the people and institutions around them to respond well. Its material is organised around Listening, Exploring, Responding, Learning and Participating, and is published in multiple languages (including Spanish and Arabic). Its design philosophy is a useful counterpoint to the \"panic button\" model of safety tech: instead of a device that summons help in a crisis, Insight Exchange produces reflective resources (e.g. [[My Safety Kit]]), practice programs for responders (e.g. [[Responders Lab]]), and communication-ecosystem audits (e.g. [[No Hidden Door]]) grounded in what victim-survivors say keeps them safe and well."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- informed_by::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - addresses::[[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]] - produces::[[My Safety Kit]] - produces::[[Responders Lab]] - produces::[[No Hidden Door]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":20,"t":"- <https://www.insightexchange.net/> **Tags:** #org #australia #lived-experience"}],"tf":{"165":1,"26":1,"400":1,"635":1,"a":4,"abn":1,"addresses":1,"agency":1,"an":2,"and":11,"app":1,"arabic":1,"around":2,"audits":1,"australia":2,"australian":1,"body":1,"button":1,"by":2,"centre":1,"centres":1,"charity":1,"communication":1,"connections":1,"counterpoint":1,"crisis":1,"design":2,"developed":1,"device":1,"dignity":1,"domestic":4,"door":2,"dvsm":2,"e":3,"ecosystem":1,"established":1,"exchange":3,"experience":2,"exploring":1,"family":2,"for":1,"g":3,"governed":1,"grounded":1,"help":1,"hidden":2,"https":1,"in":3,"including":1,"informed":2,"initiative":1,"insight":3,"insightexchange":1,"instead":1,"institutions":1,"is":5,"it":1,"its":2,"keeps":1,"kit":2,"lab":2,"languages":1,"learning":1,"led":1,"listening":1,"lived":2,"management":2,"material":1,"model":1,"multiple":1,"my":2,"net":1,"no":2,"of":4,"org":1,"organised":1,"panic":1,"participating":1,"people":2,"philosophy":1,"practice":1,"produces":4,"programs":1,"published":1,"rather":1,"reflective":1,"registered":1,"resources":2,"respond":1,"responders":3,"responding":1,"safe":1,"safety":3,"say":1,"service":2,"sexualised":2,"sources":1,"spanish":1,"subjected":1,"summary":1,"summons":1,"support":1,"survivor":1,"survivors":1,"tags":1,"tech":1,"than":1,"that":3,"the":3,"them":2,"to":3,"trauma":1,"useful":1,"victim":2,"violence":4,"well":2,"what":1,"www":1}},{"dl":310,"n":"datafication-of-metoo","s":"research/datafication-of-metoo","secs":[{"h":"The Datafication of #MeToo","l":1,"t":"**Reference:** Kathryn Henne, Renee Shelby & Jenna Harb (2021). \"The Datafication of #MeToo: Whiteness, Racial Capitalism, and Anti-Violence Technologies.\" *Big Data & Society*, 8(2). DOI [10.1177/20539517211055898](https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517211055898)."},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"A critical study of [[Reporting Apps]] — software platforms and AI chatbots that offer users emergency assistance, education, and a way to report and build evidence against perpetrators of [[Gender-Based Violence]]. Through an in-depth analysis of two reporting apps, Henne, Shelby and Harb argue that these tools construct data to fit *institutionally legible* narratives of violence, and in doing so reproduce **racial capitalism**: they extract information from users, reinforce property relations built on data ownership and accumulation, commodify \"diversity and inclusion,\" and often sustain problematic ties to the criminal legal system. Its value to this vault is as a counterweight to celebratory framings of safety tech. It foregrounds the *racialised* dimensions of the data capital these apps generate, and warns that the design choice to \"build evidence\" is never neutral — it shapes whose stories become legible and who benefits from the resulting data. The authors note these dynamics are not unique to anti-violence apps but are constitutive of digital platforms generally."},{"h":"Key ideas","l":11,"t":"- Anti-violence reporting apps are **datafication** engines as much as support tools — the data they generate is itself capital. - \"Institutionally legible\" evidence privileges some narratives (and some survivors) over others. - Entanglement with the [[Criminal Legal System]] is a design feature, not an accident, and carries racialised risks. - Extraction, financial partnerships, and commodified inclusion recur across platforms, not just safety apps."},{"h":"Connections","l":18,"t":"- studies::[[Reporting Apps]] - studies::[[Evidence Documentation]] - critiques::[[Privacy and Safety]] - Reframes \"data collection\" as extraction and accumulation. - examines::[[Racial Capitalism]] - addresses::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - related_to::[[Criminal Legal System]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":28,"t":"- <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20539517211055898> **Tags:** #research #critical #datafication #reporting-apps"}],"tf":{"10":3,"1177":3,"2":1,"2021":1,"20539517211055898":3,"8":1,"a":4,"accident":1,"accumulation":2,"across":1,"addresses":1,"against":1,"ai":1,"an":2,"analysis":1,"and":16,"anti":3,"apps":8,"are":3,"argue":1,"as":4,"assistance":1,"authors":1,"based":2,"become":1,"benefits":1,"big":1,"build":2,"built":1,"but":1,"capital":2,"capitalism":3,"carries":1,"celebratory":1,"chatbots":1,"choice":1,"collection":1,"com":1,"commodified":1,"commodify":1,"connections":1,"constitutive":1,"construct":1,"counterweight":1,"criminal":3,"critical":2,"critiques":1,"data":7,"datafication":4,"depth":1,"design":2,"digital":1,"dimensions":1,"diversity":1,"documentation":1,"doi":3,"doing":1,"dynamics":1,"education":1,"emergency":1,"engines":1,"entanglement":1,"evidence":4,"examines":1,"extract":1,"extraction":2,"feature":1,"financial":1,"fit":1,"foregrounds":1,"framings":1,"from":2,"full":1,"gender":2,"generally":1,"generate":2,"harb":2,"henne":2,"https":2,"ideas":1,"in":2,"inclusion":2,"information":1,"institutionally":2,"is":4,"it":2,"its":1,"itself":1,"jenna":1,"journals":1,"just":1,"kathryn":1,"key":1,"legal":3,"legible":3,"metoo":2,"much":1,"narratives":2,"neutral":1,"never":1,"not":3,"note":1,"of":9,"offer":1,"often":1,"on":1,"org":1,"others":1,"over":1,"ownership":1,"partnerships":1,"perpetrators":1,"platforms":3,"privacy":1,"privileges":1,"problematic":1,"property":1,"racial":3,"racialised":2,"recur":1,"reference":1,"reframes":1,"reinforce":1,"related":1,"relations":1,"renee":1,"report":1,"reporting":5,"reproduce":1,"research":1,"resulting":1,"risks":1,"safety":3,"sagepub":1,"shapes":1,"shelby":2,"so":1,"society":1,"software":1,"some":2,"sources":1,"stories":1,"studies":2,"study":1,"summary":1,"support":1,"survivors":1,"sustain":1,"system":3,"tags":1,"tech":1,"technologies":1,"that":3,"the":10,"these":3,"they":2,"this":1,"through":1,"ties":1,"to":8,"tools":2,"two":1,"unique":1,"users":2,"value":1,"vault":1,"violence":6,"warns":1,"way":1,"whiteness":1,"who":1,"whose":1,"with":1}},{"dl":491,"n":"tech-abuse-and-coercive-control","s":"research/tech-abuse-and-coercive-control","secs":[{"h":"Tech Abuse and Coercive Control","l":1,"t":"**Reference:** Woodlock, D., McKenzie, M., Western, D., & Harris, B., with WESNET (2020). *Second National Survey of Technology Abuse and Domestic Violence in Australia.* WESNET, funded by Telstra; conducted with researchers from Curtin University. <https://wesnet.org.au/about/research/2ndnatsurvey/> (full report: <https://wesnet.org.au/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/11/Wesnet-2020-2nd-National-Survey-Report-72pp-A4-FINAL.pdf>). Synthesised here with the eSafety Commissioner's work on tech-based coercive control and NNEDV's Safety Net Project."},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"WESNET's Second National Survey (2020) repeated and expanded a 2015 study, asking 442 domestic and family violence practitioners across every Australian state and territory what abuse tactics they were seeing in day-to-day work with survivors. The headline finding is that technology abuse is now near-universal in this caseload: **99.3% of respondents** reported having assisted clients who experienced technology-facilitated abuse. The gendered shape of the problem was stark — practitioners reported that **96% of perpetrators were male and 93% of victims were female** — situating tech abuse firmly within [[Gender-Based Violence]] and [[Intimate Partner Violence]] rather than as a neutral \"online safety\" issue. The survey reframes technology not as a new category of harm but as an amplifier of [[Coercive Control]]: GPS and [[Location Tracking Abuse]], account monitoring, harassment, and surveillance let an abuser extend control across distance and after separation. This aligns with Australia's eSafety Commissioner, whose research on attitudes that normalise tech-based coercive control (2024) found such monitoring is too often treated as ordinary relationship behaviour, and with NNEDV's finding that the large majority of US domestic violence programs report abusers using technology to stalk, harass, and control. Together these sources document tech abuse as a structural, gendered, and escalating feature of [[Domestic Violence]] — and a direct argument for [[Survivor-Centered Design]] over [[Techno-Solutionism]]."},{"h":"Key ideas","l":11,"t":"- Technology abuse is effectively ubiquitous in frontline DV practice (99.3% of workers had assisted affected clients), not an edge case. - It is sharply gendered (96% male perpetrators / 93% female victims), confirming it as a vector of [[Gender-Based Violence]]. - Technology amplifies existing [[Coercive Control]] rather than creating a separate harm; location tracking and surveillance extend control across distance and post-separation. - Attitudes that \"normalise\" partner monitoring (eSafety, 2024) make tech-based coercive control harder to name and respond to. - Prevalence is increasing over time (2020 vs 2015), and responses — legal, technical, service — struggle to keep pace."},{"h":"Connections","l":19,"t":"- documents::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] - documents::[[Coercive Control]] - related_to::[[The Safest Woman Alive]] - related_to::[[Datafication of MeToo]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":26,"t":"- <https://wesnet.org.au/about/research/2ndnatsurvey/> - <https://wesnet.org.au/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/11/Wesnet-2020-2nd-National-Survey-Report-72pp-A4-FINAL.pdf> - <https://www.esafety.gov.au/research/attitudes-that-normalise-tech-based-coercive-control> - <https://nnedv.org/latest_update/combating-technology-facilitated-abuse/> **Tags:** #research #coercive-control #tech-abuse #wesnet #gender-based-violence"}],"tf":{"11":2,"2015":2,"2020":7,"2024":2,"2nd":2,"2ndnatsurvey":2,"3":4,"442":1,"72pp":2,"93":2,"96":2,"99":2,"a":7,"a4":2,"about":2,"abuse":12,"abuser":1,"abusers":1,"account":1,"across":3,"affected":1,"after":1,"aligns":1,"alive":1,"amplifier":1,"amplifies":1,"an":3,"and":19,"argument":1,"as":6,"asking":1,"assisted":2,"attitudes":3,"au":5,"australia":2,"australian":1,"b":1,"based":7,"behaviour":1,"but":1,"by":1,"case":1,"caseload":1,"category":1,"centered":1,"clients":2,"coercive":9,"combating":1,"commissioner":2,"conducted":1,"confirming":1,"connections":1,"content":2,"control":12,"creating":1,"curtin":1,"d":2,"datafication":1,"day":2,"design":1,"direct":1,"distance":2,"document":1,"documents":2,"domestic":4,"dv":1,"edge":1,"effectively":1,"enabled":1,"esafety":4,"escalating":1,"every":1,"existing":1,"expanded":1,"experienced":1,"extend":2,"facilitated":2,"family":1,"feature":1,"female":2,"final":2,"finding":2,"firmly":1,"for":1,"found":1,"from":1,"frontline":1,"full":1,"funded":1,"gender":3,"gendered":3,"gov":1,"gps":1,"had":1,"harass":1,"harassment":1,"harder":1,"harm":2,"harris":1,"having":1,"headline":1,"here":1,"https":6,"ideas":1,"in":4,"increasing":1,"intimate":1,"is":6,"issue":1,"it":2,"keep":1,"key":1,"large":1,"latest":1,"legal":1,"let":1,"location":2,"m":1,"majority":1,"make":1,"male":2,"mckenzie":1,"metoo":1,"monitoring":3,"name":1,"national":4,"near":1,"net":1,"neutral":1,"new":1,"nnedv":3,"normalise":3,"not":2,"now":1,"of":12,"often":1,"on":2,"online":1,"ordinary":1,"org":5,"over":2,"pace":1,"partner":2,"pdf":2,"perpetrators":2,"post":1,"practice":1,"practitioners":2,"prevalence":1,"problem":1,"programs":1,"project":1,"rather":2,"reference":1,"reframes":1,"related":2,"relationship":1,"repeated":1,"report":4,"reported":2,"research":5,"researchers":1,"respond":1,"respondents":1,"responses":1,"s":5,"safest":1,"safety":2,"second":2,"seeing":1,"separate":1,"separation":2,"service":1,"shape":1,"sharply":1,"sites":2,"situating":1,"solutionism":1,"sources":2,"stalk":1,"stark":1,"state":1,"structural":1,"struggle":1,"study":1,"such":1,"summary":1,"surveillance":2,"survey":5,"survivor":1,"survivors":1,"synthesised":1,"tactics":1,"tags":1,"tech":9,"technical":1,"techno":1,"technology":8,"telstra":1,"territory":1,"than":2,"that":6,"the":7,"these":1,"they":1,"this":2,"time":1,"to":7,"together":1,"too":1,"tracking":2,"treated":1,"ubiquitous":1,"universal":1,"university":1,"update":1,"uploads":2,"us":1,"using":1,"vector":1,"victims":2,"violence":8,"vs":1,"was":1,"were":3,"wesnet":10,"western":1,"what":1,"who":1,"whose":1,"with":6,"within":1,"woman":1,"woodlock":1,"work":2,"workers":1,"wp":2,"www":1}},{"dl":458,"n":"the-safest-woman-alive","s":"research/the-safest-woman-alive","secs":[{"h":"\"The Safest Woman Alive\"","l":1,"t":"**Reference:** Linnea Öhlund & Angelika Strohmayer (2025). \"'The Safest Woman Alive': A Reflection on Interpersonal Safety Technologies for Gendered Violence Protection.\" *CHI EA '25: Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems*, Article 651, pp. 1–11. DOI [10.1145/3706599.3716240](https://doi.org/10.1145/3706599.3716240). (alt.chi)"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"A critical, feminist reflection on how HCI designs against gendered violence (GV). The paper opens with a satirical prologue — a woman dressing for a walk who straps on a body sensor, a \"smart girl security system\" belt, smart-foot devices, multiple panic wristbands, a tazer-watch, a filming ring, pepper-spray GPS sticks, and a dozen \"safe route\" / panic-button / evidence-recording apps — each one drawn from a real published HCI safety project. The absurd accumulation makes the argument: HCI **over-engages with interpersonal safety technologies**, loading the burden of protection onto potential victim-survivors and treating a socio-political problem as a personal, gadget-shaped one. To reframe the field, the authors apply Patricia Hill Collins' [[Four Domains of Power]] (structural, disciplinary, hegemonic, interpersonal) and show that almost every device in their prologue addresses only the *interpersonal* domain — and mostly the hyper-visible case of stranger street harassment — when the most common GV is [[Intimate Partner Violence|intimate-partner]] and hidden. They warn that such designs are techno-solutionist and can be victim-blaming, demand normative bodies and \"correct\" use, and rest on unreliable tech (facial/emotion recognition). They call for HCI to design across all four domains — including for perpetrators and structural change — in allyship with support services, and offer a reflective framework spanning a trajectory \"from gadgets to critique.\""},{"h":"Key ideas","l":11,"t":"- The burden of GV prevention is wrongly placed on women and gender-nonconforming people, not the institutions and perpetrators upholding violence. - The [[Four Domains of Power]] is a usable reflective tool: map *which* level your intervention actually addresses. - Most safety tech targets the visible interpersonal domain (stranger danger), missing the structural, disciplinary, and hegemonic domains. - \"Safe route\" routing encodes whose safety counts (ACLU backlash to Microsoft's version); emotion/face recognition is unreliable and non-inclusive. - Reporting/mapping platforms (Harassmap, Hollaback / Right To Be, Protibadi) gain power from *activist use*, not data collection alone. - Uses \"gendered violence\" rather than \"violence against women and girls\" to include queer and gender-nonconforming people."},{"h":"Connections","l":20,"t":"- critiques::[[Personal Safety Apps]] - critiques::[[Techno-Solutionism]] - introduces::[[Four Domains of Power]] - addresses::[[Gender-Based Violence]] - discusses::[[Reporting Apps]] - informed_by::[[Feminist HCI]] - related_to::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - related_to::[[Datafication of MeToo]] - Companion critique: both read anti-violence tech through power and political economy."},{"h":"Sources","l":32,"t":"- <https://dl.acm.org/doi/full/10.1145/3706599.3716240> **Tags:** #research #critical #hci #feminist #gendered-violence"}],"tf":{"1":1,"10":3,"11":1,"1145":3,"2025":1,"25":1,"3706599":3,"3716240":3,"651":1,"a":16,"abstracts":1,"absurd":1,"accumulation":1,"aclu":1,"acm":1,"across":1,"activist":1,"actually":1,"addresses":3,"against":2,"alive":2,"all":1,"allyship":1,"almost":1,"alone":1,"alt":1,"and":17,"angelika":1,"anti":1,"apply":1,"apps":3,"are":1,"argument":1,"article":1,"as":1,"authors":1,"backlash":1,"based":1,"be":2,"belt":1,"blaming":1,"bodies":1,"body":1,"both":1,"burden":2,"button":1,"by":1,"call":1,"can":1,"case":1,"change":1,"chi":3,"collection":1,"collins":1,"common":1,"companion":1,"computing":1,"conference":1,"connections":1,"correct":1,"counts":1,"critical":2,"critique":2,"critiques":2,"danger":1,"data":1,"datafication":1,"demand":1,"design":2,"designs":2,"device":1,"devices":1,"disciplinary":2,"discusses":1,"dl":1,"doi":3,"domain":2,"domains":5,"dozen":1,"drawn":1,"dressing":1,"ea":1,"each":1,"economy":1,"emotion":2,"encodes":1,"engages":1,"every":1,"evidence":1,"extended":1,"face":1,"facial":1,"factors":1,"feminist":3,"field":1,"filming":1,"foot":1,"for":4,"four":4,"framework":1,"from":3,"full":1,"gadget":1,"gadgets":1,"gain":1,"gender":3,"gendered":4,"girl":1,"girls":1,"gps":1,"gv":3,"harassmap":1,"harassment":1,"hci":6,"hegemonic":2,"hidden":1,"hill":1,"hollaback":1,"how":1,"https":2,"human":1,"hyper":1,"ideas":1,"in":3,"include":1,"including":1,"inclusive":1,"informed":2,"institutions":1,"interpersonal":5,"intervention":1,"intimate":2,"introduces":1,"is":4,"key":1,"level":1,"linnea":1,"loading":1,"makes":1,"map":1,"mapping":1,"metoo":1,"microsoft":1,"missing":1,"most":2,"mostly":1,"multiple":1,"non":1,"nonconforming":2,"normative":1,"not":2,"of":8,"offer":1,"on":6,"one":2,"only":1,"onto":1,"opens":1,"org":2,"over":1,"panic":2,"paper":1,"partner":2,"patricia":1,"people":2,"pepper":1,"perpetrators":2,"personal":2,"placed":1,"platforms":1,"political":2,"potential":1,"power":5,"pp":1,"prevention":1,"problem":1,"project":1,"prologue":2,"protection":2,"protibadi":1,"published":1,"queer":1,"rather":1,"read":1,"real":1,"recognition":2,"recording":1,"reference":1,"reflection":2,"reflective":2,"reframe":1,"related":2,"reporting":2,"research":1,"rest":1,"right":1,"ring":1,"route":2,"routing":1,"s":1,"safe":2,"safest":2,"safety":6,"satirical":1,"security":1,"sensor":1,"services":1,"shaped":1,"show":1,"smart":2,"socio":1,"solutionism":1,"solutionist":1,"sources":1,"spanning":1,"spray":1,"sticks":1,"stranger":2,"straps":1,"street":1,"strohmayer":1,"structural":3,"such":1,"summary":1,"support":1,"survivors":1,"system":1,"systems":1,"tags":1,"targets":1,"tazer":1,"tech":3,"techno":2,"technologies":2,"than":1,"that":2,"the":17,"their":1,"they":2,"through":1,"to":8,"tool":1,"trajectory":1,"trauma":1,"treating":1,"unreliable":2,"upholding":1,"usable":1,"use":2,"uses":1,"version":1,"victim":2,"violence":9,"visible":2,"walk":1,"warn":1,"watch":1,"when":1,"which":1,"who":1,"whose":1,"with":3,"woman":3,"women":2,"wristbands":1,"wrongly":1,"your":1,"öhlund":1}},{"dl":130,"n":"research","s":"research","secs":[{"h":"Research","l":1,"t":"This page collects the vault's research notes — academic papers, critiques, and reports that examine anti-violence and women's-safety technology rather than the apps and organisations themselves. These works supply the critical and empirical grounding for the rest of the vault: who safety tech serves, what it assumes about violence, and where it falls short. - [[The Safest Woman Alive]] — Öhlund & Strohmayer (2025, CHI EA): a critical reading of interpersonal safety technology and the idealised, individualised \"safe woman\" it imagines. - [[Datafication of MeToo]] — Henne, Shelby & Harb (2021): how reporting apps datafy disclosure, examined through racial capitalism and the politics of who is believed. - [[Tech Abuse and Coercive Control]] — research on how everyday technologies (location tracking, stalkerware, connected devices) are weaponised within coercive and controlling relationships. **Tags:** #moc #research"}],"tf":{"2021":1,"2025":1,"a":1,"about":1,"abuse":1,"academic":1,"alive":1,"and":9,"anti":1,"apps":2,"are":1,"assumes":1,"believed":1,"capitalism":1,"chi":1,"coercive":2,"collects":1,"connected":1,"control":1,"controlling":1,"critical":2,"critiques":1,"datafication":1,"datafy":1,"devices":1,"disclosure":1,"ea":1,"empirical":1,"everyday":1,"examine":1,"examined":1,"falls":1,"for":1,"grounding":1,"harb":1,"henne":1,"how":2,"idealised":1,"imagines":1,"individualised":1,"interpersonal":1,"is":1,"it":3,"location":1,"metoo":1,"moc":1,"notes":1,"of":4,"on":1,"organisations":1,"page":1,"papers":1,"politics":1,"racial":1,"rather":1,"reading":1,"relationships":1,"reporting":1,"reports":1,"research":4,"rest":1,"s":2,"safe":1,"safest":1,"safety":3,"serves":1,"shelby":1,"short":1,"stalkerware":1,"strohmayer":1,"supply":1,"tags":1,"tech":2,"technologies":1,"technology":2,"than":1,"that":1,"the":8,"themselves":1,"these":1,"this":1,"through":1,"tracking":1,"vault":2,"violence":2,"weaponised":1,"what":1,"where":1,"who":2,"within":1,"woman":2,"women":1,"works":1,"öhlund":1}},{"dl":207,"n":"my-safety-kit","s":"resources/my-safety-kit","secs":[{"h":"My Safety Kit","l":1,"t":"**Insight Exchange (DVSM)** · Reflection resource (booklet + animations + decision-making tool) · Free"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"My Safety Kit is a reflection resource from [[Insight Exchange]] for people who are, or may be, experiencing domestic, family and sexualised violence. Rather than triggering an alarm, it supports a person \"at their pace, at their lead\" with information and reflection questions about how they see their situation and what they might be weighing as they look ahead. It includes a decision-making tool and reflection questions across areas of wellbeing — material basics / economic wellbeing, love and connection, participation, learning, physical and mental health, and safety — and is available as a booklet (including a **My Safety Kit Aotearoa** edition) with short introductory animations. It is accompanied by de-identified **lived-experience insights** (e.g. \"Sam\" and \"Alex\") that map real experiences against the kit's focus areas, illustrating what a person may be doing — or not doing — to stay safe and well within their relationship."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- produced_by::[[Insight Exchange]] - informed_by::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - supports::[[Risk Assessment]] - Self-directed reflection rather than an actuarial checklist. - addresses::[[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]] - addresses::[[Economic Abuse]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":21,"t":"- <https://www.insightexchange.net/my-safety-kit/> **Tags:** #resource #reflection #lived-experience"}],"tf":{"a":6,"about":1,"abuse":1,"accompanied":1,"across":1,"actuarial":1,"addresses":2,"against":1,"ahead":1,"alarm":1,"alex":1,"an":2,"and":11,"animations":2,"aotearoa":1,"are":1,"areas":2,"as":2,"assessment":1,"at":2,"available":1,"basics":1,"be":3,"booklet":2,"by":3,"centres":1,"checklist":1,"connection":1,"connections":1,"de":1,"decision":2,"design":1,"directed":1,"doing":2,"domestic":2,"dvsm":1,"e":1,"economic":2,"edition":1,"exchange":3,"experience":2,"experiences":1,"experiencing":1,"family":2,"focus":1,"for":1,"free":1,"from":1,"g":1,"health":1,"how":1,"https":1,"identified":1,"illustrating":1,"includes":1,"including":1,"information":1,"informed":2,"insight":3,"insightexchange":1,"insights":1,"introductory":1,"is":3,"it":3,"kit":5,"lead":1,"learning":1,"lived":2,"look":1,"love":1,"making":2,"map":1,"material":1,"may":2,"mental":1,"might":1,"my":4,"net":1,"not":1,"of":1,"or":2,"pace":1,"participation":1,"people":1,"person":2,"physical":1,"produced":1,"questions":2,"rather":2,"real":1,"reflection":6,"relationship":1,"resource":3,"risk":1,"s":1,"safe":1,"safety":5,"sam":1,"see":1,"self":1,"sexualised":2,"short":1,"situation":1,"sources":1,"stay":1,"summary":1,"supports":2,"survivor":1,"tags":1,"than":2,"that":1,"the":1,"their":4,"they":3,"to":1,"tool":2,"trauma":1,"triggering":1,"victim":1,"violence":2,"weighing":1,"well":1,"wellbeing":2,"what":2,"who":1,"with":2,"within":1,"www":1}},{"dl":237,"n":"no-hidden-door","s":"resources/no-hidden-door","secs":[{"h":"No Hidden Door","l":1,"t":"**Insight Exchange (DVSM)** · Website audit + reports + guidance + art collection · 2021–2022"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"No Hidden Door reframes **every sector as a possible \"door\"** to information and support for victim-survivors of domestic, family and sexualised violence — and argues that because safety and communication are inextricably linked, the quality and safety of public-facing communication (especially websites) is itself a safety matter. Many victim-survivors only ever browse a website and never make contact, so unclear, opaque or unsafe digital \"doors\" can extend an abuser's control and leave people unable to navigate support. Between October and December 2021, Insight Exchange audited 200+ websites across five industries (including NSW Health, Employee Assistance Programs, support services, and police) as sample doors in the information ecosystem, publishing an executive summary and per-sector reports. The work includes **practical guidance** for industry staff who design website content and functions relating to violence and abuse — focused on content and function rather than aesthetics — and a commissioned art collection by Louise Whelan dramatising how the burden of effort to find, ask for and access help currently falls on the victim-survivor."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- produced_by::[[Insight Exchange]] - promotes::[[Discreet Access]] - Calls for \"discreet, dignified and supportive\" digital doors. - addresses::[[Tech-Enabled Abuse]] - Opaque communication lets people using abuse extend control. - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - addresses::[[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":21,"t":"- <https://www.insightexchange.net/no-hidden-door/> **Tags:** #resource #report #communication-design"}],"tf":{"200":1,"2021":2,"2022":1,"a":4,"abuse":3,"abuser":1,"access":2,"across":1,"addresses":2,"aesthetics":1,"an":2,"and":17,"are":1,"argues":1,"art":2,"as":2,"ask":1,"assistance":1,"audit":1,"audited":1,"because":1,"between":1,"browse":1,"burden":1,"by":2,"calls":1,"can":1,"centres":1,"collection":2,"commissioned":1,"communication":4,"connections":1,"contact":1,"content":2,"control":2,"currently":1,"december":1,"design":2,"digital":2,"dignified":1,"discreet":2,"domestic":2,"door":4,"doors":3,"dramatising":1,"dvsm":1,"ecosystem":1,"effort":1,"employee":1,"enabled":1,"especially":1,"ever":1,"every":1,"exchange":3,"executive":1,"extend":2,"facing":1,"falls":1,"family":2,"find":1,"five":1,"focused":1,"for":4,"function":1,"functions":1,"guidance":2,"health":1,"help":1,"hidden":3,"how":1,"https":1,"in":1,"includes":1,"including":1,"industries":1,"industry":1,"inextricably":1,"information":2,"insight":3,"insightexchange":1,"is":1,"itself":1,"leave":1,"lets":1,"linked":1,"louise":1,"make":1,"many":1,"matter":1,"navigate":1,"net":1,"never":1,"no":3,"nsw":1,"october":1,"of":3,"on":2,"only":1,"opaque":2,"or":1,"people":2,"per":1,"police":1,"possible":1,"practical":1,"produced":1,"programs":1,"promotes":1,"public":1,"publishing":1,"quality":1,"rather":1,"reframes":1,"relating":1,"report":1,"reports":2,"resource":1,"s":1,"safety":3,"sample":1,"sector":2,"services":1,"sexualised":2,"so":1,"sources":1,"staff":1,"summary":2,"support":3,"supportive":1,"survivor":2,"survivors":2,"tags":1,"tech":1,"than":1,"that":1,"the":5,"to":4,"unable":1,"unclear":1,"unsafe":1,"using":1,"victim":4,"violence":3,"website":3,"websites":2,"whelan":1,"who":1,"work":1,"www":1}},{"dl":184,"n":"responders-lab","s":"resources/responders-lab","secs":[{"h":"Responders Lab","l":1,"t":"**Insight Exchange (DVSM)** · Free facilitated virtual session (~2 hrs) · Groups of 10–30"},{"h":"Summary","l":5,"t":"The Responders Lab is a free, facilitated, peer-learning experience from [[Insight Exchange]] designed to deepen how everyday people understand and respond to domestic, family and sexualised violence. Its premise is that **every response matters** — that each of us is a friend, colleague, neighbour or family member who may be confided in, and that responses are ongoing rather than a single reaction to a disclosure. Four content modules — \"Our Interactions,\" \"Our Responses,\" \"My Ecosystem Matters,\" and \"Follow My Meaning\" — emphasise dignity, not operating from assumptions, and keeping the victim-survivor at the centre of their own ecosystem. Sessions run as two-hour virtual workshops for groups, with content developed from local and international lived and learned expertise and offered in English, Spanish and Arabic."},{"h":"Connections","l":11,"t":"- produced_by::[[Insight Exchange]] - teaches::[[Bystander Intervention]] - Frames everyone as an ongoing \"responder,\" broader than crisis-moment bystanding. - informed_by::[[Trauma-Informed Design]] - centres::[[Victim-Survivor]] - addresses::[[Domestic Family and Sexualised Violence]]"},{"h":"Sources","l":20,"t":"- <https://www.insightexchange.net/responders-lab/> **Tags:** #resource #training #responders"}],"tf":{"10":1,"2":1,"30":1,"a":4,"addresses":1,"an":1,"and":10,"arabic":1,"are":1,"as":2,"assumptions":1,"at":1,"be":1,"broader":1,"by":2,"bystander":1,"bystanding":1,"centre":1,"centres":1,"colleague":1,"confided":1,"connections":1,"content":2,"crisis":1,"deepen":1,"design":1,"designed":1,"developed":1,"dignity":1,"disclosure":1,"domestic":2,"dvsm":1,"each":1,"ecosystem":2,"emphasise":1,"english":1,"every":1,"everyday":1,"everyone":1,"exchange":3,"experience":1,"expertise":1,"facilitated":2,"family":3,"follow":1,"for":1,"four":1,"frames":1,"free":2,"friend":1,"from":3,"groups":2,"hour":1,"how":1,"hrs":1,"https":1,"in":2,"informed":2,"insight":3,"insightexchange":1,"interactions":1,"international":1,"intervention":1,"is":3,"its":1,"keeping":1,"lab":3,"learned":1,"learning":1,"lived":1,"local":1,"matters":2,"may":1,"meaning":1,"member":1,"modules":1,"moment":1,"my":2,"neighbour":1,"net":1,"not":1,"of":3,"offered":1,"ongoing":2,"operating":1,"or":1,"our":2,"own":1,"peer":1,"people":1,"premise":1,"produced":1,"rather":1,"reaction":1,"resource":1,"respond":1,"responder":1,"responders":4,"response":1,"responses":2,"run":1,"session":1,"sessions":1,"sexualised":2,"single":1,"sources":1,"spanish":1,"summary":1,"survivor":2,"tags":1,"teaches":1,"than":2,"that":3,"the":3,"their":1,"to":3,"training":1,"trauma":1,"two":1,"understand":1,"us":1,"victim":2,"violence":2,"virtual":2,"who":1,"with":1,"workshops":1,"www":1}}]}